高血压患者社区护理干预对血压控制的影响 -护理学专业

摘要

本研究旨在探讨社区护理干预对高血压患者血压控制的影响及其临床应用价值。采用随机对照试验设计，选取2022年1月至2023年6月期间某社区卫生服务中心收治的200例原发性高血压患者作为研究对象，随机分为干预组和对照组各100例。对照组给予常规药物治疗和健康教育，干预组在此基础上实施为期6个月的个性化社区护理干预方案，包括定期随访、生活方式指导、心理疏导及家庭支持等综合措施。通过比较两组患者干预前后的血压水平、服药依从性及生活质量评分等指标，评估社区护理干预的效果。研究结果显示，干预组患者的收缩压和舒张压分别较基线值下降（15.2±3.8）mmHg和（9.6±2.4）mmHg，显著优于对照组的（8.7±2.9）mmHg和（5.1±1.8）mmHg（P0.05）；同时，干预组患者的服药依从性评分提高至（92.5±4.3）分，生活质量评分提升至（85.6±5.2）分，均显著高于对照组（P0.01）。本研究的创新之处在于构建了以患者为中心的社区护理干预模式，将个体化健康管理与家庭支持系统有机结合。研究结果表明，系统化的社区护理干预能有效改善高血压患者的血压控制水平，提高治疗依从性和生活质量，为基层医疗机构开展慢性病管理提供了实践依据和参考方案。

关键词：社区护理干预;高血压;血压控制;服药依从性

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of community nursing intervention on blood pressure control in patients with hypertension and its clinical application value. A randomized controlled trial design was used to select 200 patients with essential hypertension admitted to a community health service center from January 2022 to June 2023 as the study ob jects, and they were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 100 cases each. The control group was given conventional drug treatment and health education, and the intervention group was given a 6-month individualized community nursing intervention program, including regular follow-up, lifestyle guidance, psychological counseling and family support. The effect of community nursing intervention was evaluated by comparing the blood pressure level, medication compliance and quality of life score of the two groups before and after intervention. The results showed that the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group were decreased by (15.2±3.8) mmHg and (9.6±2.4) mmHg, respectively, which were significantly better than those in the control group (8.7±2.9) mmHg and (5.1±1.8) mmHg (P0.05). At the same time, the score of medication compliance in the intervention group was increased to (92.5±4.3) points, and the score of life quality was increased to (85.6±5.2) points, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (P0.01). The innovation of this study lies in the construction of a patient-centered community nursing intervention model, which combines individualized health management with family support system. The results show that systematic community nursing intervention can effectively improve the blood pressure control level of hypertension patients, improve treatment compliance and quality of life, and provide a practical basis and reference plan for chronic disease management in primary medical institutions.

Keywords：Community nursing intervention; High blood pressure; Blood pressure control; Medication compliance; Quality of life

引言 1

第一章社区护理干预的理论基础与实践现状 2

1.1 高血压的流行病学特征与防控需求 2

1.2 社区护理干预的概念框架与发展历程 2

第二章高血压患者社区护理干预方案设计 4

2.1 干预对象的选择标准与分组方法 4

2.2 个性化护理方案的制定原则 4

2.3 多维度干预措施的具体内容 5

第三章社区护理干预的实施过程与质量控制 7

3.1 护理团队的专业培训与能力建设 7

3.2 干预过程的标准化操作流程 7