家畜布鲁氏菌病的防控策略研究
摘 要
家畜布鲁氏菌病作为一种全球性的人畜共患传染病，对畜牧业发展和人类健康构成了严重威胁。该病主要通过直接或间接接触传播，如摄入受污染的乳制品、肉类或接触感染动物的排泄物等，导致家畜流产、不孕及生产性能下降，同时人类感染后也可能出现长期发热、关节炎等症状。本研究针对家畜布鲁氏菌病的防控策略进行了系统探讨。首先，分析了布鲁氏菌病的传播途径和家畜感染的主要风险因素，以及中国布鲁氏菌病的流行现状。其次，探讨了传统诊断方法的局限性，并介绍了分子生物学技术在布鲁氏菌病诊断中的最新应用进展，同时提出了监测体系的优化策略。最后，本研究从疫苗接种、养殖场生物安全管理以及政策法规与公众教育三个维度，提出了家畜布鲁氏菌病的综合防控措施。
关键词：布鲁氏菌病；防控策略；智能监测预警系统
PREVENTION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES OF BRUCELLOSIS IN LIVESTOCK
ABSTRACT
As a global zoonotic infectious disease, livestock brucellosis poses a serious threat to animal husbandry development and human health. The disease is mainly transmitted through direct or indirect contact, such as ingestion of contaminated dairy products, meat or contact with infected animals' excrement, resulting in livestock abortion, infertility and reduced production performance, at the same time, humans may also appear long-term fever, arthritis and other symptoms after infection. In this study, the prevention and control strategies of brucellosis in livestock were systematically explored. First, transmission routes of brucellosis and major risk factors for livestock infection, as well as the epidemic status of brucellosis in China. Secondly, we explore the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods, and introduce the latest application progress of molecular biology techniques in the diagnosis of brucellosis, and propose the optimization strategy for the surveillance system. Finally, this study proposed comprehensive prevention and control measures for brucellosis in livestock from three dimensions of vaccination, farm biosafety management, policies and regulations and public education.
KEY WORDS：Brucellosis; prevention and control strategy; intelligent monitoring and early warning system
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 家畜布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特征 3
2.1 布鲁氏菌病的传播途径 3
2.2 家畜感染的主要风险因素 3
2.3 中国布鲁氏菌病的流行现状 4
第3章 家畜布鲁氏菌病的诊断与监测技术 5
3.1 传统诊断方法的局限性 5
3.2 分子生物学技术的应用进展 5
3.3 监测体系的优化策略 5
第4章 家畜布鲁氏菌病的综合防控措施 7
4.1 疫苗接种的关键作用 7
4.2 养殖场生物安全管理的实施 7
4.3 政策法规与公众教育的协同效应 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
家畜布鲁氏菌病作为一种全球性的人畜共患传染病，对畜牧业发展和人类健康构成了严重威胁。该病主要通过直接或间接接触传播，如摄入受污染的乳制品、肉类或接触感染动物的排泄物等，导致家畜流产、不孕及生产性能下降，同时人类感染后也可能出现长期发热、关节炎等症状。本研究针对家畜布鲁氏菌病的防控策略进行了系统探讨。首先，分析了布鲁氏菌病的传播途径和家畜感染的主要风险因素，以及中国布鲁氏菌病的流行现状。其次，探讨了传统诊断方法的局限性，并介绍了分子生物学技术在布鲁氏菌病诊断中的最新应用进展，同时提出了监测体系的优化策略。最后，本研究从疫苗接种、养殖场生物安全管理以及政策法规与公众教育三个维度，提出了家畜布鲁氏菌病的综合防控措施。
关键词：布鲁氏菌病；防控策略；智能监测预警系统
PREVENTION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES OF BRUCELLOSIS IN LIVESTOCK
ABSTRACT
As a global zoonotic infectious disease, livestock brucellosis poses a serious threat to animal husbandry development and human health. The disease is mainly transmitted through direct or indirect contact, such as ingestion of contaminated dairy products, meat or contact with infected animals' excrement, resulting in livestock abortion, infertility and reduced production performance, at the same time, humans may also appear long-term fever, arthritis and other symptoms after infection. In this study, the prevention and control strategies of brucellosis in livestock were systematically explored. First, transmission routes of brucellosis and major risk factors for livestock infection, as well as the epidemic status of brucellosis in China. Secondly, we explore the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods, and introduce the latest application progress of molecular biology techniques in the diagnosis of brucellosis, and propose the optimization strategy for the surveillance system. Finally, this study proposed comprehensive prevention and control measures for brucellosis in livestock from three dimensions of vaccination, farm biosafety management, policies and regulations and public education.
KEY WORDS：Brucellosis; prevention and control strategy; intelligent monitoring and early warning system
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 家畜布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特征 3
2.1 布鲁氏菌病的传播途径 3
2.2 家畜感染的主要风险因素 3
2.3 中国布鲁氏菌病的流行现状 4
第3章 家畜布鲁氏菌病的诊断与监测技术 5
3.1 传统诊断方法的局限性 5
3.2 分子生物学技术的应用进展 5
3.3 监测体系的优化策略 5
第4章 家畜布鲁氏菌病的综合防控措施 7
4.1 疫苗接种的关键作用 7
4.2 养殖场生物安全管理的实施 7
4.3 政策法规与公众教育的协同效应 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
