摘 要
奶牛产后瘫痪是奶牛养殖业中常见的产科疾病，导致经济损失。病症表现为分娩后母牛无法站立，影响生产性能和健康。随着行业发展，该病发病率上升。研究奶牛产后瘫痪的成因和防治策略对提升生产效率和保障养殖业发展至关重要。研究发现，成因包括营养管理不当、环境与管理问题、遗传因素和疾病预防不足。营养管理不当是主因，表现为饲料配方不当和钙摄入不足。不良饲养环境、管理不当和遗传易感性也会增加风险。防治策略包括优化营养管理，确保饲料营养均衡，补充微量元素和维生素；改善饲养环境，保持圈舍清洁干燥、通风良好；加强日常管理，合理安排挤奶时间和增加活动量；选择合适遗传品种，降低遗传疾病风险；加强疾病预防，实施定期健康检查和合理使用预防性药物。这些措施能显著降低发病率，提高奶牛生产效率和健康水平，支持养殖业可持续发展。
关键词：奶牛产后瘫痪；营养管理；饲养环境
CAUSES AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES OF POSTPARTUM PARALYSIS IN DAIRY COWS
ABSTRACT
Postpartum paralysis of dairy cows is a common obstetric disease in the dairy farming industry, resulting in economic losses. The symptoms is the inability to stand after delivery, affecting production performance and health. The incidence of the disease has increased as the industry develops. It is important to study the causes of postpartum paralysis and control strategies to improve production efficiency and ensure the development of breeding industry. Causes were found to include inadequate nutritional management, environmental and management problems, genetic factors, and inadequate disease prevention. Improper nutritional management is the main cause, manifested by improper feed formula and inadequate calcium intake. Poor feeding environment, poor management and genetic predisposition also increase risk. The prevention strategies include optimizing nutrition management, ensuring balanced nutrition of feed, supplementing trace elements and vitamins, improving the feeding environment, keeping the enclosure clean and dry, well ventilated; strengthening daily management, reasonably arranging milking time and increasing activity; selecting appropriate genetic varieties, reducing the risk of genetic diseases; strengthening disease prevention, implementing regular health examination and rational use of preventive drugs. These measures can significantly reduce the incidence of morbidity, improve the production efficiency and health level of dairy cows, and support the sustainable development of the breeding industry.
KEY WORDS：Postpartum paralysis of dairy cows; Nutritional management ;Feeding environment
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 2
2.1 产后钙代谢失衡理论 2
2.2 应激因素在奶牛产后瘫痪中的作用 2
第3章 奶牛产后瘫痪的成因 3
3.1 营养管理不当的问题 3
3.2 环境与管理问题 3
3.3 遗传因素的影响 4
3.4 疾病预防措施不足 4
第4章 奶牛产后瘫痪的对策 5
4.1 优化营养管理策略 5
4.2 改善环境与加强管理 5
4.3 选择合适的遗传品种 6
4.4 加强疾病预防措施 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
奶牛产后瘫痪是奶牛养殖业中常见的产科疾病，导致经济损失。病症表现为分娩后母牛无法站立，影响生产性能和健康。随着行业发展，该病发病率上升。研究奶牛产后瘫痪的成因和防治策略对提升生产效率和保障养殖业发展至关重要。研究发现，成因包括营养管理不当、环境与管理问题、遗传因素和疾病预防不足。营养管理不当是主因，表现为饲料配方不当和钙摄入不足。不良饲养环境、管理不当和遗传易感性也会增加风险。防治策略包括优化营养管理，确保饲料营养均衡，补充微量元素和维生素；改善饲养环境，保持圈舍清洁干燥、通风良好；加强日常管理，合理安排挤奶时间和增加活动量；选择合适遗传品种，降低遗传疾病风险；加强疾病预防，实施定期健康检查和合理使用预防性药物。这些措施能显著降低发病率，提高奶牛生产效率和健康水平，支持养殖业可持续发展。
关键词：奶牛产后瘫痪；营养管理；饲养环境
CAUSES AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES OF POSTPARTUM PARALYSIS IN DAIRY COWS
ABSTRACT
Postpartum paralysis of dairy cows is a common obstetric disease in the dairy farming industry, resulting in economic losses. The symptoms is the inability to stand after delivery, affecting production performance and health. The incidence of the disease has increased as the industry develops. It is important to study the causes of postpartum paralysis and control strategies to improve production efficiency and ensure the development of breeding industry. Causes were found to include inadequate nutritional management, environmental and management problems, genetic factors, and inadequate disease prevention. Improper nutritional management is the main cause, manifested by improper feed formula and inadequate calcium intake. Poor feeding environment, poor management and genetic predisposition also increase risk. The prevention strategies include optimizing nutrition management, ensuring balanced nutrition of feed, supplementing trace elements and vitamins, improving the feeding environment, keeping the enclosure clean and dry, well ventilated; strengthening daily management, reasonably arranging milking time and increasing activity; selecting appropriate genetic varieties, reducing the risk of genetic diseases; strengthening disease prevention, implementing regular health examination and rational use of preventive drugs. These measures can significantly reduce the incidence of morbidity, improve the production efficiency and health level of dairy cows, and support the sustainable development of the breeding industry.
KEY WORDS：Postpartum paralysis of dairy cows; Nutritional management ;Feeding environment
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 2
2.1 产后钙代谢失衡理论 2
2.2 应激因素在奶牛产后瘫痪中的作用 2
第3章 奶牛产后瘫痪的成因 3
3.1 营养管理不当的问题 3
3.2 环境与管理问题 3
3.3 遗传因素的影响 4
3.4 疾病预防措施不足 4
第4章 奶牛产后瘫痪的对策 5
4.1 优化营养管理策略 5
4.2 改善环境与加强管理 5
4.3 选择合适的遗传品种 6
4.4 加强疾病预防措施 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
