农村生活污水治理的难题及对策研究
摘要
随着农村经济的快速发展和农民生活水平的提高，农村生活污水排放量显著增加，但相应的污水治理设施和管理机制却相对滞后，导致农村水体污染问题日益严峻。农村生活污水未经有效处理直接排放，不仅严重破坏了农村生态环境，影响了水质安全和居民健康，还制约了农村经济的可持续发展。本研究围绕农村生活污水治理展开，首先概述了水污染控制理论、生态环境学基础和可持续发展理论等相关理论，为后续研究奠定了理论基础。随后，分析了农村生活污水治理在改善农村人居环境、保护农村生态环境和推动农村经济发展方面的重要作用。针对当前农村生活污水治理面临的基础设施薄弱、资金与技术瓶颈、农民参与意识不强以及治理机制不健全等难题，本研究提出了加强基础设施建设、加大资金与技术投入、提升农民参与意识和完善治理机制等对策。通过实证分析和案例研究，验证了这些对策的有效性和可行性，为推进农村生活污水治理提供了可借鉴的经验和模式。本研究对于促进农村生态文明建设，实现乡村振兴战略目标具有重要意义。
关键词：农村生活污水；基础设施；可持续发展
Abstract
With the rapid development of rural economy and the improvement of farmers' living standards, the discharge of rural domestic sewage has increased significantly, but the corresponding sewage treatment facilities and management mechanism are relatively lagging behind, leading to the increasingly serious problem of rural water pollution. The direct discharge of rural domestic sewage without effective treatment not only seriously damages the rural ecological environment, affects the safety of water quality and the health of residents, but also restricts the sustainable development of rural economy. This study focuses on the treatment of rural domestic sewage, and first outlined the theory of water pollution control, ecological and environmental science and sustainable development theory, which laid a theoretical foundation for the subsequent research. Subsequently, the important role of rural domestic sewage treatment in improving the rural living environment, protecting the rural ecological environment and promoting the development of rural economy is analysed. In view of the current problems of rural domestic sewage treatment, such as weak infrastructure, capital and technical bottleneck, farmers 'weak awareness of participation and imperfect governance mechanism, this study puts forward the countermeasures to strengthen infrastructure construction, increase capital and technology investment, enhance farmers' awareness of participation and improve the governance mechanism. Through empirical analysis and case study, the effectiveness and feasibility of these countermeasures are verified, which provide the experience and model for promoting the treatment of rural domestic sewage. This study is of great significance for promoting the construction of rural ecological civilization and realizing the strategic goal of rural revitalization.
Keywords：Rural domestic sewage; Infrastructure; Sustainable development
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 2
（三）研究目的和内容 3
二、相关理论概述 4
（一）水污染控制理论 4
（二）生态环境学基础 4
（三）可持续发展理论 5
三、农村生活污水治理的难题 6
（一）基础设施薄弱 6
（二）资金与技术瓶颈 6
（三）农民参与意识不强 7
（四）治理机制不健全 7
四、农村生活污水治理的对策 8
（一）加强基础设施建设 8
（二）加大资金与技术投入 8
（三）提升农民参与意识 9
（四）完善治理机制 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
摘要
随着农村经济的快速发展和农民生活水平的提高，农村生活污水排放量显著增加，但相应的污水治理设施和管理机制却相对滞后，导致农村水体污染问题日益严峻。农村生活污水未经有效处理直接排放，不仅严重破坏了农村生态环境，影响了水质安全和居民健康，还制约了农村经济的可持续发展。本研究围绕农村生活污水治理展开，首先概述了水污染控制理论、生态环境学基础和可持续发展理论等相关理论，为后续研究奠定了理论基础。随后，分析了农村生活污水治理在改善农村人居环境、保护农村生态环境和推动农村经济发展方面的重要作用。针对当前农村生活污水治理面临的基础设施薄弱、资金与技术瓶颈、农民参与意识不强以及治理机制不健全等难题，本研究提出了加强基础设施建设、加大资金与技术投入、提升农民参与意识和完善治理机制等对策。通过实证分析和案例研究，验证了这些对策的有效性和可行性，为推进农村生活污水治理提供了可借鉴的经验和模式。本研究对于促进农村生态文明建设，实现乡村振兴战略目标具有重要意义。
关键词：农村生活污水；基础设施；可持续发展
Abstract
With the rapid development of rural economy and the improvement of farmers' living standards, the discharge of rural domestic sewage has increased significantly, but the corresponding sewage treatment facilities and management mechanism are relatively lagging behind, leading to the increasingly serious problem of rural water pollution. The direct discharge of rural domestic sewage without effective treatment not only seriously damages the rural ecological environment, affects the safety of water quality and the health of residents, but also restricts the sustainable development of rural economy. This study focuses on the treatment of rural domestic sewage, and first outlined the theory of water pollution control, ecological and environmental science and sustainable development theory, which laid a theoretical foundation for the subsequent research. Subsequently, the important role of rural domestic sewage treatment in improving the rural living environment, protecting the rural ecological environment and promoting the development of rural economy is analysed. In view of the current problems of rural domestic sewage treatment, such as weak infrastructure, capital and technical bottleneck, farmers 'weak awareness of participation and imperfect governance mechanism, this study puts forward the countermeasures to strengthen infrastructure construction, increase capital and technology investment, enhance farmers' awareness of participation and improve the governance mechanism. Through empirical analysis and case study, the effectiveness and feasibility of these countermeasures are verified, which provide the experience and model for promoting the treatment of rural domestic sewage. This study is of great significance for promoting the construction of rural ecological civilization and realizing the strategic goal of rural revitalization.
Keywords：Rural domestic sewage; Infrastructure; Sustainable development
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 2
（三）研究目的和内容 3
二、相关理论概述 4
（一）水污染控制理论 4
（二）生态环境学基础 4
（三）可持续发展理论 5
三、农村生活污水治理的难题 6
（一）基础设施薄弱 6
（二）资金与技术瓶颈 6
（三）农民参与意识不强 7
（四）治理机制不健全 7
四、农村生活污水治理的对策 8
（一）加强基础设施建设 8
（二）加大资金与技术投入 8
（三）提升农民参与意识 9
（四）完善治理机制 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
