摘 要
本文综合探讨了商业银行不良贷款问题，首先定义了不良贷款及其风险特征，包括违约可能性高、回收难度大等，并依据风险程度进行了分类。接着，分析了不良贷款对银行盈利能力的损害、信贷环境的收紧以及资产质量的下降等负面影响，进而深入探讨了不良贷款形成的根源，如风险评估不全面、审批标准执行不严、经济周期波动及金融市场动荡等。为应对这些挑战，本文提出了商业银行不良贷款风险控制策略，包括全面收集评估信息、加强审批过程监督、灵活调整信贷政策及加强市场监测等，旨在为商业银行有效管理不良贷款风险、提升资产质量提供理论指导和实践参考。
关键词：商业银行；不良贷款；成因分析
Abstract
This paper comprehensively discusses the problem of non-performing loans of commercial banks. Firstly, it defines the problems of non-performing loans and their risk characteristics, including the high possibility of default and the difficulty of recovery, and classifies them according to the risk degree. Then, it analyzes the negative effects of non-performing loans on the profitability of banks, the tightening of credit environment and the decline of asset quality, and then discusses the root causes of the formation of non-performing loans, such as incomplete risk assessment, lax implementation of approval standards, economic cycle fluctuations and financial market turbulence. In response to these challenges, this paper puts forward the commercial bank non-performing loan risk control strategy, including comprehensive collection evaluation information, strengthen the supervision of examination and approval process, flexible adjustment of credit policy and strengthen market monitoring, etc., aims to effectively manage non-performing loan risk, improve asset quality to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference.
Key words: Commercial banks; non-performing loans; cause analysis
目 录
一、引言 1
二、不良贷款相关概述 1
（一）不良贷款的定义 1
（二）不良贷款风险特征 2
（三）不良贷款的分类 2
三、不良贷款对银行及经济的影响分析 2
（一）盈利能力受损 2
（二）信贷环境收紧 3
（三）资产质量下降 3
四、商业银行不良贷款问题的成因分析 4
（一）风险评估不全面 4
（二）审批标准执行不严格 4
（三）经济周期波动 5
（四）金融市场动荡 5
五、商业银行不良贷款风险控制策略 6
（一）全面收集评估信息 6
（二）加强审批过程监督 6
（三）灵活调整信贷政策 6
（四）加强市场监测 7
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 8
