摘 要
在数字化和全球化的大背景下，新闻传播对公众意见形成的影响愈发显著。本文全面探讨了新闻传播在公众意见形成过程中的作用及其相关机制，并深入分析了影响公众意见形成的多种因素，包括信息源的可信度、社交媒体的影响力、个人经验与先入为主的观念等。文章首先概述了新闻传播理论与公众意见的基本概念，随后详细阐述了新闻传播如何通过信息扩散、议程设置、媒体框架构建以及报道公正性等方面影响公众认知与意见形成。进一步地，本文揭示了公众意见形成的心理机制，包括认知失调与信息选择、群体心理与从众行为、个人价值观与意见形成的内在联系。同时，文章还探讨了政治环境、经济发展与社会变迁、文化环境等社会环境因素对公众意见形成的深刻影响。针对当前公众意见形成机制中存在的问题，本文提出了多项优化策略，包括提高新闻传播的公正性与透明度、建立有效的公众意见反馈机制以及创造利于多元意见表达的社会环境。具体措施涵盖增强新闻报道的多元视角、完善新闻事实的核实与公开、促进媒体自我监管机制建设、设立公众意见收集平台、促进媒体与公众互动沟通、建立匿名反馈机制、提升媒体多样性与独立性、增强公民参与和社区互动，以及强化法律保障与政策支持等。
关键词：新闻传播；公众意见；信息源；心理机制
Research on the formation mechanism of public opinion in news communication
英文姓名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract：Under the background of digitalization and globalization, news communication has an increasingly significant impact on the formation of public opinion. This paper comprehensively discusses the role of news communication in the formation of public opinions and its related mechanisms, and deeply analyzes the various factors that affect the formation of public opinions, including the credibility of information sources, the influence of social media, personal experience and preconceived notions. This paper first Outlines the basic concepts of news communication theory and public opinion, and then elaborates how news communication influences public cognition and opinion formation through information diffusion, agenda setting, media fr amework construction and impartiality of reports. Further, this paper reveals the psychological mechanism of public opinion formation, including cognitive dissonance and information selection, group psychology and conformity behavior, personal values and opinion formation. At the same time, the article also discusses the political environment, economic development and social change, cultural environment and other social environmental factors on the formation of public opinion. In view of the problems existing in the current public opinion formation mechanism, this paper puts forward a number of optimization strategies, including improving the fairness and transparency of news communication, establishing an effective public opinion feedback mechanism, and creating a social environment conducive to the ex pression of diverse opinions. Specific measures include enhancing the multiple perspectives of news reports, improving the verification and disclosure of news facts, promoting the construction of media self-regulation mechanisms, setting up public opinion collection platforms, promoting interaction between the media and the public, establishing anonymous feedback mechanisms, enhancing media diversity and independence, enhancing citizen participation and community interaction, and strengthening legal protection and policy support.
Key words: News communication; Public opinion; Information source; Psychological mechanism
目 录
一、引言 1
二、相关概念阐述 1
（一）新闻传播理论概述 1
（二）公众意见的定义 1
（三）影响公众意见形成的因素 2
三、新闻传播在公众意见形成中的作用 2
（一）信息传播的扩散效应与公众认知 2
（二）新闻媒体的议程设置功能 3
（三）媒体框架对公众观点的影响 3
（四）新闻报道的公正性与公众信任度 3
四、公众意见形成的心理机制 4
（一）认知失调与信息选择 4
（二）群体心理与从众行为 4
（三）个人价值观与意见形成 5
五、公众意见形成的社会环境因素 5
（一）政治环境的影响 5
（二）经济发展与社会变迁 5
（三）文化环境的作用 6
六、优化公众意见形成机制的策略 6
（一）提高新闻传播的公正性与透明度 6
（二）建立有效的公众意见反馈机制 7
（三）创造利于多元意见表达的社会环境 7
（四）强化法律保障与政策支持 8
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
