刑事司法中人权保障的研究
摘要
本文通过深入研究刑事司法中人权保障的相关议题，全面剖析了人权理论在刑事司法领域的具体体现和实践要求。对人权理论进行了概述，探讨了人权的定义、内涵与外延，并分析了人权在国际法和国内法中的重要地位。接着，深入探讨了刑事司法与人权保障之间的紧密联系，阐述了刑事司法的目的、原则与功能，并详细论述了人权保障在刑事司法中的体现与要求。进一步关注了刑事诉讼法、刑法等相关法律制度在保障人权方面的作用与不足。通过深入研究侦查行为的合法性、犯罪嫌疑人的权利保障、公诉权的行使以及审判程序的公正性等关键环节，揭示了刑事司法中人权保障存在的问题与挑战。其中，非法证据排除困难、律师会见权受限、审判不公现象以及超期羁押和刑讯逼供等问题尤为突出。针对这些问题，本文提出了一系列完善对策。建立非法证据排除机制，确保刑事司法活动的合法性和公正性。保障律师会见权，加强律师在刑事司法中的参与和辩护作用。同时，加强审判独立性，确保审判机关依法独立行使审判权，防止权力滥用和干预。严格规范羁押和审讯程序，防止超期羁押和刑讯逼供等侵犯人权的行为发生。本文旨在通过深入研究刑事司法中人权保障的现状、问题与对策，为完善刑事司法制度、提升人权保障水平提供理论支持和实践指导。通过这一研究，我们希望能够推动刑事司法领域人权保障工作的不断完善与发展，为构建更加公正、公平、文明的法治社会贡献力量。
关键词：刑事司法；人权保障；法律制度；完善对策
Abstract
Through in-depth study of the relevant issues of human rights protection in criminal justice, this paper comprehensively analyzes the concrete embodiment and practical requirements of human rights theory in the field of criminal justice. This paper summarizes the theory of human rights, discusses the definition, connotation and extension of human rights, and analyzes the important position of human rights in international law and domestic law. Then, it deeply discusses the close relationship between criminal justice and human rights protection, expounds the purpose, principle and function of criminal justice, and elaborates the embodiment and requirements of human rights protection in criminal justice in detail. Further attention is paid to the role and deficiencies of criminal procedure law, criminal law and other relevant legal systems in protecting human rights. This paper reveals the problems and challenges of human rights protection in criminal justice by deeply studying the legitimacy of investigation, the rights protection of criminal suspects, the exercise of prosecution power and the fairness of trial procedures. Among them, the difficulties in eliminating illegal evidence, the limited right to see lawyers, the phenomenon of unfair trials, extended detention and extortion of confessions by torture are particularly prominent. Aiming at these problems, this paper puts forward a series of perfect countermeasures. Establish an exclusion mechanism for illegal evidence to ensure the legality and impartiality of criminal judicial activities. The right of lawyers to meet is guaranteed, and the participation and defense role of lawyers in criminal justice is strengthened. At the same time, we will strengthen the independence of trials, ensure that judicial organs exercise judicial power independently according to law, and prevent power abuse and interference. Strictly regulate detention and interrogation procedures, and prevent violations of human rights such as extended detention and extortion of confessions by torture. This paper aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the criminal justice system and enhancing the level of human rights protection through in-depth research on the status quo, problems and countermeasures of human rights protection in criminal justice. Through this research, we hope to promote the continuous improvement and development of human rights protection in the field of criminal justice, and contribute to the construction of a more just, equitable and civilized society under the rule of law.
Key words: criminal justice; Human rights protection; Legal system; Perfect countermeasure
目录
一、绪论 4
1.1 研究背景与意义 4
1.2 国内外研究现状 4
1.3 研究目的与内容 5
二、相关理论基础 5
2.1 人权理论概述 5
2.1.1 人权的定义、内涵与外延 5
2.1.2 人权在国际法和国内法中的地位 6
2.2 刑事司法与人权保障的关系 6
2.2.1 刑事司法的目的、原则与功能 6
2.2.2 人权保障在刑事司法中的体现与要求 7
2.3 相关法律制度与人权保障 7
2.3.1 刑事诉讼法与人权保障 7
2.3.2 刑法与人权保障 8
三、 刑事司法中关键环节的人权保障 8
3.1 侦查行为的合法性与人权保障 8
3.2 犯罪嫌疑人的权利保障 9
3.3 公诉权的行使与人权保障 9
3.4 审判程序的公正性与人权保障 10
四、刑事司法中人权保障存在问题 11
4.1 非法证据排除困难 11
4.2 律师会见权受限 11
4.3 审判不公现象 12
4.4 超期羁押和刑讯逼供 12
五、刑事司法中人权保障完善对策 13
5.1 建立非法证据排除机制 13
5.2 保障律师会见权 13
5.3 加强审判独立性 14
5.4 严格规范羁押和审讯程序 14
六、结论 15
参考文献 16
摘要
本文通过深入研究刑事司法中人权保障的相关议题，全面剖析了人权理论在刑事司法领域的具体体现和实践要求。对人权理论进行了概述，探讨了人权的定义、内涵与外延，并分析了人权在国际法和国内法中的重要地位。接着，深入探讨了刑事司法与人权保障之间的紧密联系，阐述了刑事司法的目的、原则与功能，并详细论述了人权保障在刑事司法中的体现与要求。进一步关注了刑事诉讼法、刑法等相关法律制度在保障人权方面的作用与不足。通过深入研究侦查行为的合法性、犯罪嫌疑人的权利保障、公诉权的行使以及审判程序的公正性等关键环节，揭示了刑事司法中人权保障存在的问题与挑战。其中，非法证据排除困难、律师会见权受限、审判不公现象以及超期羁押和刑讯逼供等问题尤为突出。针对这些问题，本文提出了一系列完善对策。建立非法证据排除机制，确保刑事司法活动的合法性和公正性。保障律师会见权，加强律师在刑事司法中的参与和辩护作用。同时，加强审判独立性，确保审判机关依法独立行使审判权，防止权力滥用和干预。严格规范羁押和审讯程序，防止超期羁押和刑讯逼供等侵犯人权的行为发生。本文旨在通过深入研究刑事司法中人权保障的现状、问题与对策，为完善刑事司法制度、提升人权保障水平提供理论支持和实践指导。通过这一研究，我们希望能够推动刑事司法领域人权保障工作的不断完善与发展，为构建更加公正、公平、文明的法治社会贡献力量。
关键词：刑事司法；人权保障；法律制度；完善对策
Abstract
Through in-depth study of the relevant issues of human rights protection in criminal justice, this paper comprehensively analyzes the concrete embodiment and practical requirements of human rights theory in the field of criminal justice. This paper summarizes the theory of human rights, discusses the definition, connotation and extension of human rights, and analyzes the important position of human rights in international law and domestic law. Then, it deeply discusses the close relationship between criminal justice and human rights protection, expounds the purpose, principle and function of criminal justice, and elaborates the embodiment and requirements of human rights protection in criminal justice in detail. Further attention is paid to the role and deficiencies of criminal procedure law, criminal law and other relevant legal systems in protecting human rights. This paper reveals the problems and challenges of human rights protection in criminal justice by deeply studying the legitimacy of investigation, the rights protection of criminal suspects, the exercise of prosecution power and the fairness of trial procedures. Among them, the difficulties in eliminating illegal evidence, the limited right to see lawyers, the phenomenon of unfair trials, extended detention and extortion of confessions by torture are particularly prominent. Aiming at these problems, this paper puts forward a series of perfect countermeasures. Establish an exclusion mechanism for illegal evidence to ensure the legality and impartiality of criminal judicial activities. The right of lawyers to meet is guaranteed, and the participation and defense role of lawyers in criminal justice is strengthened. At the same time, we will strengthen the independence of trials, ensure that judicial organs exercise judicial power independently according to law, and prevent power abuse and interference. Strictly regulate detention and interrogation procedures, and prevent violations of human rights such as extended detention and extortion of confessions by torture. This paper aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the criminal justice system and enhancing the level of human rights protection through in-depth research on the status quo, problems and countermeasures of human rights protection in criminal justice. Through this research, we hope to promote the continuous improvement and development of human rights protection in the field of criminal justice, and contribute to the construction of a more just, equitable and civilized society under the rule of law.
Key words: criminal justice; Human rights protection; Legal system; Perfect countermeasure
目录
一、绪论 4
1.1 研究背景与意义 4
1.2 国内外研究现状 4
1.3 研究目的与内容 5
二、相关理论基础 5
2.1 人权理论概述 5
2.1.1 人权的定义、内涵与外延 5
2.1.2 人权在国际法和国内法中的地位 6
2.2 刑事司法与人权保障的关系 6
2.2.1 刑事司法的目的、原则与功能 6
2.2.2 人权保障在刑事司法中的体现与要求 7
2.3 相关法律制度与人权保障 7
2.3.1 刑事诉讼法与人权保障 7
2.3.2 刑法与人权保障 8
三、 刑事司法中关键环节的人权保障 8
3.1 侦查行为的合法性与人权保障 8
3.2 犯罪嫌疑人的权利保障 9
3.3 公诉权的行使与人权保障 9
3.4 审判程序的公正性与人权保障 10
四、刑事司法中人权保障存在问题 11
4.1 非法证据排除困难 11
4.2 律师会见权受限 11
4.3 审判不公现象 12
4.4 超期羁押和刑讯逼供 12
五、刑事司法中人权保障完善对策 13
5.1 建立非法证据排除机制 13
5.2 保障律师会见权 13
5.3 加强审判独立性 14
5.4 严格规范羁押和审讯程序 14
六、结论 15
参考文献 16
