摘要
本文旨在探讨夫妻共同债务的认定与承担问题，以期为我国相关法律制度的完善提供理论支持和实践指导。夫妻共同债务作为婚姻财产关系中的重要组成部分，其认定与承担不仅关系到夫妻双方的经济利益，也影响到债权人的权益保障。本文分析了夫妻共同债务的理论基础，包括其概念界定、法律性质、法律原则和法律意义。接着，文章深入探讨了夫妻共同债务的认定标准，包括认定原则、要素、程序和难点与争议，以期为司法实践提供明确的指导。在夫妻共同债务的承担方面，本文分析了承担原则、方式以及特殊情形下的处理办法，同时指出了承担中的法律责任。此外，本文还通过对法律实践案例的梳理和分析，揭示了夫妻共同债务在司法实践中存在的问题和挑战。针对上述问题，本文提出了一系列完善建议。在保护债权人利益方面，建议加强债权人保护机制、建立债务公示制度和加强债务人追责机制。在解决举证与认定困难方面，应明确举证责任、建立债务认定标准并加强证据收集与调查。对于法律适用的模糊地带，需要完善法律法规、加强司法解释工作并提高法官专业素养。最后，在消除拖延诉讼障碍方面，应简化诉讼程序、加强案件管理并引入调解机制。
关键词：夫妻共同债务；债务认定；债务承担
Abstract
This paper aims to discuss the identification and assumption of the joint debt of husband and wife, in order to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the improvement of the relevant legal system in China. As an important part of the marital property relationship, the identification and commitment of the joint debt of the husband and wife is not only related to the economic interests of the husband and wife, but also affects the protection of the rights and interests of the creditors. This paper analyzes the theoretical basis of the joint debt, including its conceptual definition, legal nature, legal principle and legal significance. Then, the article deeply discusses the identification criteria of the joint debt of couples, including the identification principles, elements, procedures, difficulties and disputes, in order to provide clear guidance for judicial practice. In terms of the assumption of the joint debt of the husband and wife, this paper analyzes the principles and methods of undertaking and the handling methods under special circumstances, and points out the legal responsibility in the undertaking. In addition, this paper also reveals the problems and challenges of the marital joint debt in the judicial practice by combing and analyzing the legal practice cases. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward a series of improvement suggestions. In terms of protecting the interests of creditors, it is suggested to strengthen the creditor protection mechanism, establish the debt publicity system and strengthen the debtor accountability mechanism. In solving the difficulties of proof and identification, the burden of proof should be clarified, the standard of debt identification should be established and the evidence collection and investigation should be strengthened. For the fuzzy zone of the application of the law, it is necessary to improve the laws and regulations, strengthen the judicial interpretation work and improve the professional quality of judges. Finally, to removing obstacles to delaying litigation, litigation procedures should be simplified, case management should be strengthened and mediation mechanisms should be introduced.
Keywords：Joint debts of husband and wife; recognition of liabilities; assumption of liabilities
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）研究目的和内容 1
（三）国内外研究现状 1
二、夫妻共同债务相关概述 3
（一）夫妻共同债务的法律定义 3
（二）夫妻共同债务的法律特点 3
（三）夫妻共同债务的法律原则 3
三、夫妻共同债务的认定原则 5
（一）事实认定原则 5
（二）利益共享原则 5
（三）知情与同意原则 5
四、夫妻共同债务的承担问题 7
（一）债权人利益受损 7
（二）举证与认定的困难 7
（三）法律适用的模糊地带 8
五、夫妻共同债务制度的完善建议 9
（一）加强债权人保护机制 9
（二）建立债务认定标准 9
（三）加强司法解释工作 9
结 论 11
参考文献 12
