土壤改良材料在园艺作物连作障碍克服中的应用
摘 要
土壤连作障碍是园艺作物生产中普遍存在的问题，主要表现为土壤理化性质恶化、病原菌积累及养分失衡等。本研究旨在探讨新型土壤改良材料在克服连作障碍中的应用效果。通过实验室模拟和田间试验相结合的方法，选取了生物炭、腐殖酸和微生物菌剂三种改良材料，分别研究其对土壤pH值、有机质含量、微生物群落结构及作物生长指标的影响。结果表明，生物炭显著提高了土壤的阳离子交换量和持水能力，腐殖酸则有效改善了土壤的团粒结构和养分供应能力，而微生物菌剂的施用显著降低了土传病害的发生率。综合分析显示，三种改良材料的协同作用能够有效缓解连作障碍，提升作物产量和品质。本研究的创新点在于首次系统评估了生物炭、腐殖酸和微生物菌剂在连作障碍克服中的协同效应，为园艺作物可持续生产提供了科学依据和技术支持。
关键词：土壤连作障碍；生物炭；腐殖酸
APPLICATION OF SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIALS IN OVERCOMING OBSTACLES IN THE CONTINUOUS CROPPING PROCESS OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS
ABSTRACT
Soil continuous cropping obstacle is a common problem in the production of horticultural crops, which is mainly manifested as the deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, the accumulation of pathogens and the nutrient imbalance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of new soil improvement materials in overcoming continuous cropping obstacles. Through a combination of laboratory simulation and field experiment, three improved materials of biochar, humic acid and microbial agent were selected to study the effects on soil pH, organic matter content, microbial community structure and crop growth index respectively. The results showed that biochar significantly increased the cation exchange amount and water holding capacity of the soil, while humic acid effectively improved the mass structure and nutrient supply capacity of the soil, and the application of microbial agents significantly reduced the incidence of soil-borne diseases. The comprehensive analysis shows that the synergistic effect of the three improved materials can effectively alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles and improve the crop yield and quality. The innovation point of this study is the first systematic evaluation of the synergistic effect of biochar, humic acid and microbial agents in overcoming continuous cropping obstacles, which provides scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable production of horticultural crops.
KEY WORDS：Soil continuous cropping obstacles; biochar; humic acid
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
第2章 土壤改良材料的种类及其作用机制 3
2.1 有机改良材料的种类及其对土壤微生物的影响 3
2.2 无机改良材料的种类及其对土壤物理性质的改善 3
2.3 复合改良材料的协同效应及其应用前景 4
第3章 土壤改良材料在不同园艺作物中的应用效果 5
3.1 蔬菜类作物中土壤改良材料的应用效果分析 5
3.2 果树类作物中土壤改良材料的应用效果分析 5
3.3 花卉类作物中土壤改良材料的应用效果分析 6
第4章 土壤改良材料应用的经济与环境效益评估 7
4.1 土壤改良材料应用的经济效益分析 7
4.2 土壤改良材料应用的环境效益评估 7
4.3 土壤改良材料应用的综合效益评价与优化建议 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
土壤连作障碍是园艺作物生产中普遍存在的问题，主要表现为土壤理化性质恶化、病原菌积累及养分失衡等。本研究旨在探讨新型土壤改良材料在克服连作障碍中的应用效果。通过实验室模拟和田间试验相结合的方法，选取了生物炭、腐殖酸和微生物菌剂三种改良材料，分别研究其对土壤pH值、有机质含量、微生物群落结构及作物生长指标的影响。结果表明，生物炭显著提高了土壤的阳离子交换量和持水能力，腐殖酸则有效改善了土壤的团粒结构和养分供应能力，而微生物菌剂的施用显著降低了土传病害的发生率。综合分析显示，三种改良材料的协同作用能够有效缓解连作障碍，提升作物产量和品质。本研究的创新点在于首次系统评估了生物炭、腐殖酸和微生物菌剂在连作障碍克服中的协同效应，为园艺作物可持续生产提供了科学依据和技术支持。
关键词：土壤连作障碍；生物炭；腐殖酸
APPLICATION OF SOIL IMPROVEMENT MATERIALS IN OVERCOMING OBSTACLES IN THE CONTINUOUS CROPPING PROCESS OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS
ABSTRACT
Soil continuous cropping obstacle is a common problem in the production of horticultural crops, which is mainly manifested as the deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, the accumulation of pathogens and the nutrient imbalance. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of new soil improvement materials in overcoming continuous cropping obstacles. Through a combination of laboratory simulation and field experiment, three improved materials of biochar, humic acid and microbial agent were selected to study the effects on soil pH, organic matter content, microbial community structure and crop growth index respectively. The results showed that biochar significantly increased the cation exchange amount and water holding capacity of the soil, while humic acid effectively improved the mass structure and nutrient supply capacity of the soil, and the application of microbial agents significantly reduced the incidence of soil-borne diseases. The comprehensive analysis shows that the synergistic effect of the three improved materials can effectively alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles and improve the crop yield and quality. The innovation point of this study is the first systematic evaluation of the synergistic effect of biochar, humic acid and microbial agents in overcoming continuous cropping obstacles, which provides scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable production of horticultural crops.
KEY WORDS：Soil continuous cropping obstacles; biochar; humic acid
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
第2章 土壤改良材料的种类及其作用机制 3
2.1 有机改良材料的种类及其对土壤微生物的影响 3
2.2 无机改良材料的种类及其对土壤物理性质的改善 3
2.3 复合改良材料的协同效应及其应用前景 4
第3章 土壤改良材料在不同园艺作物中的应用效果 5
3.1 蔬菜类作物中土壤改良材料的应用效果分析 5
3.2 果树类作物中土壤改良材料的应用效果分析 5
3.3 花卉类作物中土壤改良材料的应用效果分析 6
第4章 土壤改良材料应用的经济与环境效益评估 7
4.1 土壤改良材料应用的经济效益分析 7
4.2 土壤改良材料应用的环境效益评估 7
4.3 土壤改良材料应用的综合效益评价与优化建议 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
