摘 要
高性能混凝土（HPC）因其优异的力学性能和耐久性，在现代土木工程中得到了广泛应用，但其长期耐久性和寿命预测仍面临诸多挑战。本研究旨在深入探讨影响高性能混凝土耐久性的关键因素，并提出一种基于多尺度分析的寿命预测模型。研究结合微观结构表征技术与宏观性能测试方法，系统分析了水胶比、矿物掺合料种类及含量、孔隙结构特征等因素对混凝土抗碳化、抗氯离子渗透及抗冻融性能的影响。通过引入先进的非线性回归算法和机器学习技术，建立了考虑环境作用和材料劣化的寿命预测模型，显著提高了预测精度。研究表明，优化矿物掺合料配比可有效改善混凝土的微观孔隙结构，从而提升其抗侵蚀能力；同时，所提出的预测模型在多种实际工程环境下的验证结果表明，其预测误差小于10%，具有较高的可靠性和实用性。本研究的创新点在于将材料微观特性与宏观性能有机结合，并首次提出了基于数据驱动的多因素耦合寿命预测方法，为高性能混凝土的设计与应用提供了理论支持和技术保障，对延长工程结构使用寿命和降低全寿命周期成本具有重要意义。
关键词：高性能混凝土；耐久性；寿命预测
ABSTRACT
High-performance concrete (HPC), known for its excellent mechanical properties and durability, has been widely applied in modern civil engineering. However, challenges remain in predicting its long-term durability and service life. This study aims to investigate the critical factors influencing the durability of high-performance concrete and proposes a lifespan prediction model based on multi-scale analysis. By integrating microstructural characterization techniques with macroscopic performance testing methods, the effects of water-to-binder ratio, types and contents of mineral admixtures, and pore structure characteristics on the carbonation resistance, chloride ion permeability, and freeze-thaw resistance of concrete were systematically analyzed. Advanced nonlinear regression algorithms and machine learning technologies were employed to establish a lifespan prediction model that considers environmental effects and material degradation, significantly improving prediction accuracy. The results indicate that optimizing the proportion of mineral admixtures can effectively enhance the micro-pore structure of concrete, thereby improving its resistance to erosion. Furthermore, validation of the proposed model under various practical engineering conditions demonstrated a prediction error of less than 10%, confirming its high reliability and applicability. The innovation of this study lies in the integration of material micro-characteristics with macroscopic performance and the first-time proposal of a data-driven multi-factor coupled lifespan prediction method. This provides theoretical support and technical assurance for the design and application of high-performance concrete, playing a significant role in extending the service life of engineering structures and reducing lifecycle costs.
Keywords: High Performance Concrete; Durability; Life Prediction
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 高性能混凝土耐久性研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 高性能混凝土耐久性影响因素分析 3
2.1 材料组成对耐久性的影响 3
2.2 环境条件对耐久性的作用 3
2.3 施工工艺对耐久性的贡献 4
2.4 耐久性评价指标体系构建 4
第3章 高性能混凝土寿命预测模型研究 6
3.1 寿命预测的基本理论框架 6
3.2 数据驱动的寿命预测方法 6
3.3 基于损伤力学的寿命预测模型 7
3.4 不确定性因素对寿命预测的影响 7
第4章 高性能混凝土耐久性提升策略与应用实践 9
4.1 新型材料在耐久性提升中的应用 9
4.2 结构设计优化对耐久性的影响 9
4.3 工程案例分析与经验总结 10
4.4 未来发展方向与技术挑战 10
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
