摘 要
随着我国高速公路网络的不断完善，服务区作为公路交通系统的重要组成部分，在保障行车安全、提升出行体验和促进区域经济发展中发挥着不可替代的作用然而，当前服务区布局规划与功能配置仍存在诸多问题，如分布不均、设施单一及服务能力不足等，难以满足日益增长的多元化出行需求为此，本研究以优化高速公路服务区布局与功能为目标，综合运用地理信息系统（GIS）、空间分析方法和多目标优化模型，对服务区选址、间距设置及功能分区进行系统性研究首先，基于交通流量、人口密度和土地利用等多源数据，构建了服务区布局适宜性评价体系，并提出了一种结合可达性和覆盖度的优化算法其次，针对服务区功能配置问题，引入层次分析法（AHP）评估不同用户群体的需求优先级，设计了涵盖基础服务、商业配套和文化展示的多功能复合模式研究结果表明，优化后的服务区布局显著提高了空间覆盖率和服务均衡性，同时多功能配置有效提升了用户体验和经济效益本研究的创新点在于将定量分析与定性评价相结合，提出了适应多样化需求的服务区规划方法，为相关决策提供了科学依据其主要贡献在于填补了我国在服务区系统化规划领域的理论空白，并为实际工程应用提供了可操作性强的技术支持
关键词：高速公路服务区；布局优化；功能配置；地理信息系统（GIS）；多目标优化模型
ABSTRACT
As China's expressway network continues to improve, service areas, as an essential part of the road traffic system, play an irreplaceable role in ensuring driving safety, enhancing travel experience, and promoting regional economic development. However, there are still many issues with the current layout planning and functional configuration of service areas, such as uneven distribution, single facilities, and insufficient service capabilities, which fail to meet the growing diversified travel demands. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the layout and function of expressway service areas by comprehensively applying Geographic Information Systems (GIS), spatial analysis methods, and multi-ob jective optimization models. The research systematically studies the location selection, spacing settings, and functional zoning of service areas. First, based on multi-source data including traffic flow, population density, and land use, a suitability evaluation system for service area layout has been constructed, and an optimization algorithm combining accessibility and coverage has been proposed. Second, to address the issue of functional configuration of service areas, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is introduced to evaluate the priority of different user groups' needs, and a multi-functional composite model covering basic services, commercial facilities, and cultural displays has been designed. The results show that the optimized layout of service areas significantly improves spatial coverage and service balance, while the multi-functional configuration effectively enhances user experience and economic benefits. The innovation of this study lies in combining quantitative analysis with qualitative evaluation, proposing a service area planning method that adapts to diverse needs, providing scientific basis for relevant decisions. Its main contribution is filling the theoretical gap in the systematic planning of service areas in China and offering highly operational technical support for practical engineering application.
Keywords: Highway Service Area; Layout Optimization; Function Configuration; Geographic Information System (GIS); Multi-ob jective Optimization Model
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 高速公路服务区研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外服务区布局与功能研究现状 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 高速公路服务区布局规划分析 3
2.1 高速公路服务区布局的影响因素 3
2.2 基于交通流量的布局模型构建 3
2.3 区域经济与地理条件对布局的影响 4
2.4 布局规划的优化策略探讨 4
第3章 高速公路服务区功能需求与定位 6
3.1 用户需求分析与功能分类 6
3.2 商业服务功能的优化设计 6
3.3 休息与安全保障功能提升路径 7
3.4 特色化功能开发与区域协同发展 7
第4章 高速公路服务区布局与功能优化实践 9
4.1 实证案例的选择与背景介绍 9
4.2 布局优化方案的设计与实施 9
4.3 功能优化效果评估与反馈机制 10
4.4 优化实践中的问题与改进建议 10
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
