摘 要
滑坡灾害作为全球性地质问题，对人类生命财产安全和生态环境造成严重威胁，因此开展高效、精准的地表形变监测技术研究具有重要意义。本研究以滑坡预警为核心目标，综合运用InSAR、GNSS及地面测量等多种地表形变监测技术，构建了一套多源数据融合的滑坡动态监测与预警系统。研究通过分析不同技术的优势与局限性，提出基于时空分辨率优化的联合监测方案，显著提升了滑坡形变信息获取的精度与时效性。同时，引入机器学习算法对监测数据进行深度挖掘，建立了滑坡位移-时间序列模型，实现了对潜在滑坡活动的早期识别与风险评估。结果表明，该方法能够有效捕捉微小的地表形变特征，并在实际案例中成功预警了多次滑坡事件，验证了其可靠性和实用性。本研究的主要创新点在于将多源异构数据整合与智能分析技术相结合，突破了单一技术手段在复杂地形条件下的应用瓶颈，为滑坡灾害防控提供了科学依据和技术支持，对推动地表形变监测技术在地质灾害领域的深入应用具有重要参考价值。
关键词：滑坡监测；多源数据融合；InSAR
ABSTRACT
Landslide disasters, as a global geological issue, pose severe threats to human life and property safety as well as ecological environments, making it crucial to develop efficient and precise surface deformation monitoring technologies. This study focuses on landslide early warning by integrating multiple surface deformation monitoring techniques, including InSAR, GNSS, and terrestrial surveying, to construct a multi-source data fusion system for dynamic landslide monitoring and warning. By analyzing the advantages and limitations of different techniques, an optimized joint monitoring scheme based on spatiotemporal resolution was proposed, significantly enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of landslide deformation information acquisition. Meanwhile, machine learning algorithms were introduced to conduct in-depth data mining, establishing a landslide displacement-time series model that enables early identification and risk assessment of potential landslide activities. The results demonstrate that this method can effectively capture subtle surface deformation characteristics and successfully predicted multiple landslide events in practical case studies, verifying its reliability and practicability. The primary innovation of this research lies in combining multi-source heterogeneous data integration with intelligent analytical techniques, overcoming the application bottlenecks of single-technology approaches in complex terrains. This provides scientific evidence and technical support for landslide disaster prevention and control, offering significant reference value for advancing the in-depth application of surface deformation monitoring technologies in the field of geological hazards.
Keywords: Landslide Monitoring; Multi-Source Data Fusion; InSAR
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 滑坡灾害与地表形变监测背景 1
1.2 地表形变监测技术的研究意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 地表形变监测技术原理与方法 3
2.1 地表形变监测的基本概念 3
2.2 常用地表形变监测技术分类 3
2.3 遥感技术在地表形变监测中的应用 4
2.4 GNSS技术的地表形变监测优势 4
2.5 地面测量技术的适用性分析 5
第3章 滑坡预警的地表形变监测数据处理 6
3.1 数据采集与质量控制方法 6
3.2 地表形变监测数据的特征提取 6
3.3 数据融合技术在滑坡预警中的作用 7
3.4 时间序列分析与趋势预测模型 7
3.5 不确定性分析与误差校正方法 8
第4章 地表形变监测技术在滑坡预警中的实践应用 9
4.1 实验区概况与地质条件分析 9
4.2 监测方案设计与实施过程 9
4.3 滑坡形变特征的监测结果分析 10
4.4 预警阈值设定与模型验证 10
4.5 应用案例总结与改进方向 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
