摘 要
古建筑作为文化遗产的重要组成部分，承载着丰富的历史和文化价值，其测绘与保护工作具有重要意义。然而，传统测绘方法在效率、精度和复杂性方面存在局限性，难以满足现代文物保护的需求。本研究以倾斜摄影测量技术为核心，探讨其在古建筑测绘中的应用潜力及实际效果。研究旨在通过高精度三维建模，为古建筑的数字化保护提供科学依据和技术支持。具体而言，研究采用无人机搭载多视角相机进行数据采集，并结合计算机视觉算法实现自动化三维重建。通过对某典型古建筑案例的实测分析，验证了该技术在纹理细节保留、几何精度控制以及大范围场景覆盖方面的优越性能。结果表明，倾斜摄影测量技术能够显著提高测绘效率，同时保持较高的数据精度，尤其适用于复杂结构和大面积区域的古建筑测绘任务。此外，本研究创新性地提出了一种基于多源数据融合的误差校正方法，有效解决了因遮挡或光照不均导致的数据缺失问题，进一步提升了模型的完整性与可靠性。总体而言，倾斜摄影测量技术为古建筑测绘提供了全新的解决方案，不仅推动了文化遗产数字化保护的技术进步，还为相关领域的深入研究奠定了基础。
关键词：古建筑测绘；倾斜摄影测量技术；三维建模
ABSTRACT
As an essential component of cultural heritage, ancient architecture carries rich historical and cultural values, and its surveying and preservation work is of great significance. However, traditional surveying methods have limitations in efficiency, accuracy, and complexity, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern cultural relic protection. This study focuses on oblique photogrammetry technology, exploring its potential and practical effects in the surveying of ancient architecture. The aim is to provide scientific evidence and technical support for the digital preservation of ancient buildings through high-precision 3D modeling. Specifically, the study employs unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with multi-perspective cameras for data acquisition, combined with computer vision algorithms to achieve automated 3D reconstruction. Through a case study of a typical ancient building, the technology's superior performance in texture detail retention, geometric accuracy control, and extensive scene coverage was validated. The results indicate that oblique photogrammetry technology can significantly enhance surveying efficiency while maintaining high data accuracy, making it particularly suitable for ancient architecture with complex structures and large areas. Additionally, this research innovatively proposes a multi-source data fusion-based error correction method, effectively addressing data loss issues caused by occlusion or uneven lighting, thereby further improving the completeness and reliability of the model. Overall, oblique photogrammetry technology offers a new solution for the surveying of ancient architecture, not only advancing the technical progress of cultural heritage digital preservation but also laying a foundation for in-depth research in related fields.
Keywords: Ancient Building Survey; Oblique Photogrammetry Technology; Three-Dimensional Modeling
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 倾斜摄影测量技术的研究背景 1
1.2 古建筑测绘中的技术需求与意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 倾斜摄影测量技术原理与应用基础 3
2.1 倾斜摄影测量的基本原理 3
2.2 数据采集与处理流程分析 3
2.3 关键技术难点及其解决方法 4
2.4 测量精度评估体系构建 4
2.5 技术优势与局限性探讨 5
第3章 古建筑测绘中的倾斜摄影技术实现 6
3.1 古建筑测绘的技术要求与挑战 6
3.2 倾斜摄影在古建筑三维建模中的应用 6
3.3 数据采集方案设计与优化 7
3.4 测绘成果的质量控制方法 7
3.5 实际案例分析与效果评价 8
第4章 倾斜摄影测量技术的优化与未来发展 9
4.1 提高测量精度的技术路径 9
4.2 融合其他技术的综合解决方案 9
4.3 古建筑保护中的应用前景展望 10
4.4 数据管理与共享机制建设 10
4.5 技术推广中的问题与对策 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
