摘 要
随着城市化进程的加速和人们对健康生活环境的关注，建筑室内空气质量已成为影响人类健康的重要因素之一，其监测与改善技术的研究具有重要的现实意义和科学价值本研究旨在系统分析建筑室内空气污染的主要来源及其对人体健康的潜在危害，并提出针对性的技术解决方案研究采用多学科交叉方法，结合现场采样、实验室分析及数值模拟等手段，对典型建筑室内空气污染物浓度分布特征进行深入研究同时，开发了一种基于物联网的智能监测系统，可实现对多种污染物的实时动态监控此外，针对常见污染物如挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）、颗粒物（PM2.5）及甲醛等，设计并优化了多种空气净化技术方案，包括高效过滤、催化氧化及植物吸收等方法研究结果表明，室内空气污染物浓度受建筑结构、通风条件及人为活动等多种因素共同作用，且存在显著的时间和空间差异所开发的智能监测系统能够准确反映室内空气质量变化趋势，为科学决策提供依据而优化后的空气净化技术在实际应用中表现出良好的去除效率和稳定性本研究的创新点在于将智能化监测与多元化净化技术相结合，构建了一个完整的建筑室内空气质量控制体系，不仅提升了监测精度和响应速度，还显著降低了污染物浓度，为改善室内环境质量提供了重要技术支持研究成果对推动绿色建筑发展和保障公众健康具有重要意义
关键词：建筑室内空气质量；智能监测系统；空气净化技术
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of urbanization and increasing public concern for healthy living environments, indoor air quality in buildings has become one of the critical factors affecting human health, making the research on its monitoring and improvement technologies both practically significant and scientifically valuable. This study aims to systematically analyze the major sources of indoor air pollution in buildings and their potential health hazards to humans, while proposing targeted technical solutions. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, integrating field sampling, laboratory analysis, and numerical simulation, to conduct an in-depth investigation into the concentration distribution characteristics of typical indoor air pollutants. Simultaneously, an intelligent monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) was developed, enabling real-time dynamic monitoring of multiple pollutants. Furthermore, various air purification technology schemes were designed and optimized for common pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM2.5), and formaldehyde, employing methods including high-efficiency filtration, catalytic oxidation, and plant absorption. The results indicate that indoor air pollutant concentrations are influenced by a combination of factors, including building structure, ventilation conditions, and human activities, with significant temporal and spatial variations. The developed intelligent monitoring system can accurately reflect trends in indoor air quality changes, providing a scientific basis for decision-making. Meanwhile, the optimized air purification technologies demonstrated excellent removal efficiency and stability in practical applications. The innovation of this study lies in the integration of intelligent monitoring and diversified purification technologies, establishing a comprehensive indoor air quality control system for buildings. This not only enhances monitoring accuracy and response speed but also significantly reduces pollutant concentrations, offering crucial technical support for improving indoor environmental quality. The research findings hold important implications for promoting the development of green buildings and safeguarding public health.
Keywords: Building Indoor Air Quality; Intelligent Monitoring System; Air Purification Technology
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 建筑室内空气质量研究背景 1
1.2 室内空气质量监测与改善的意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 1
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 室内空气污染源与特性分析 3
2.1 主要室内空气污染物分类 3
2.2 污染物来源及其分布特征 3
2.3 污染物对人体健康的影响机制 4
2.4 室内空气质量评价指标体系 4
2.5 不同建筑类型的污染差异 5
第3章 室内空气质量监测技术研究 6
3.1 常用空气质量监测设备原理 6
3.2 实时监测技术的开发与应用 6
3.3 数据采集与处理方法优化 7
3.4 监测系统的误差分析与校正 7
3.5 智能化监测平台的设计思路 8
第4章 室内空气质量改善技术研究 9
4.1 物理净化技术的应用与效果评估 9
4.2 化学净化技术的原理与局限性 9
4.3 生物净化技术的发展趋势 10
4.4 绿色建材在空气质量改善中的作用 10
4.5 综合改善策略的设计与实施 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
