摘 要
随着城市化进程的加速，城市热岛效应、雨水径流增加及生物多样性下降等问题日益突出，绿色屋顶作为一种可持续的城市生态技术，逐渐成为缓解这些问题的重要手段。本研究旨在探讨城市建筑绿色屋顶的生态效应及其对城市环境的改善作用，通过选取典型城市区域内的不同类型建筑作为研究对象，采用实地监测与数值模拟相结合的方法，系统分析了绿色屋顶在降温隔热、雨水管理及碳汇功能等方面的性能表现。研究结果表明，绿色屋顶能够显著降低建筑表面温度和室内能耗，夏季降温效果尤为明显，最高可减少屋面温度15℃以上；同时，其雨水滞留能力可达60%-80%，有效减轻了城市排水系统的压力。此外，绿色屋顶还表现出一定的碳汇潜力，年均固碳量约为2-4 kg/m²。本研究创新性地构建了基于多源数据的绿色屋顶生态效益评估模型，并首次量化了不同类型植被配置对生态功能的影响差异，为优化绿色屋顶设计提供了科学依据。研究表明，合理规划与推广绿色屋顶不仅有助于提升城市生态环境质量，还能促进城市可持续发展目标的实现，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。
关键词：绿色屋顶；城市热岛效应；雨水管理
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of urbanization, issues such as urban heat island effects, increased rainwater runoff, and declining biodiversity have become increasingly prominent. As a sustainable urban ecological technology, green roofs have gradually emerged as an important approach to mitigate these challenges. This study investigates the ecological effects of green roofs on urban buildings and their role in improving urban environments. By selecting different types of buildings in typical urban areas as research subjects, a combination of field monitoring and numerical simulation was employed to systematically analyze the performance of green roofs in terms of cooling and thermal insulation, rainwater management, and carbon sequestration. The results indicate that green roofs can significantly reduce building surface temperatures and indoor energy consumption, with particularly noticeable effects during summer, potentially decreasing roof temperatures by more than 15°C. Additionally, their rainwater retention capacity ranges from 60% to 80%, effectively alleviating pressure on urban drainage systems. Moreover, green roofs exhibit a certain carbon sink potential, with an average annual carbon fixation rate of approximately 2-4 kg/m². This study innovatively develops an ecological benefit assessment model for green roofs based on multi-source data and, for the first time, quantifies the differences in ecological functions influenced by various vegetation configurations, providing a scientific basis for optimizing green roof design. The findings suggest that the rational planning and promotion of green roofs not only contribute to enhancing urban environmental quality but also facilitate the achievement of urban sustainable development goals, demonstrating significant theoretical value and practical implications.
Keywords: Green Roof; Urban Heat Island Effect; Rainwater Management
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 城市建筑绿色屋顶研究背景 1
1.2 绿色屋顶生态效应的研究意义 1
1.3 国内外绿色屋顶研究现状综述 1
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 绿色屋顶的生态功能分析 3
2.1 绿色屋顶对城市热环境的影响 3
2.2 绿色屋顶在雨水管理中的作用 3
2.3 绿色屋顶对空气质量的改善效果 4
2.4 绿色屋顶对生物多样性的促进作用 4
2.5 生态功能的综合评估框架 5
第3章 绿色屋顶的设计与实施策略 6
3.1 绿色屋顶植物选择与配置原则 6
3.2 绿色屋顶基质材料的优化设计 6
3.3 绿色屋顶灌溉系统的高效构建 7
3.4 绿色屋顶施工技术的关键问题 7
3.5 绿色屋顶长期维护的管理策略 8
第4章 绿色屋顶的生态效益评价 9
4.1 生态效益评价指标体系的构建 9
4.2 绿色屋顶经济效益的量化分析 9
4.3 绿色屋顶社会价值的综合评估 10
4.4 不同类型绿色屋顶的对比研究 10
4.5 生态效益评价的实际案例分析 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
