摘 要
随着全球对可持续发展和碳中和目标的关注，利用可再生资源替代化石燃料成为研究热点。废弃木材作为一种丰富的生物质资源，具有高纤维素含量和低经济成本的优势，为生物基化学品的绿色合成提供了新途径。本研究旨在通过开发高效的催化转化技术，将废弃木材中的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素转化为高附加值的生物基化学品，如糠醛、木糖醇和芳香族化合物等。研究采用酸催化水解与热化学转化相结合的方法，优化反应条件以提高产率和选择性，并引入新型催化剂降低副产物生成。实验结果表明，通过调控反应温度、时间及催化剂种类，可以显著提升目标产物的收率，其中糠醛和木糖醇的产率分别达到45%和78%。此外，通过对木质素的分级分离与定向转化，成功制备了多种芳香族化合物，进一步拓展了废弃木材的综合利用价值。本研究的创新点在于提出了一种集成化废弃木材转化策略，实现了多组分协同利用，同时降低了工艺能耗和环境负担。该方法为废弃木材的高值化利用提供了理论支持和技术示范，对推动生物质化工产业的发展具有重要意义。
关键词：废弃木材；生物基化学品；催化转化；糠醛；木糖醇；芳香族化合物；可持续发展
Abstract
With increasing global attention on sustainable development and carbon neutrality, the substitution of fossil fuels with renewable resources has become a research hotspot. Waste wood, as an abundant biomass resource, possesses advantages such as high cellulose content and low economic cost, offering new pathways for the green synthesis of bio-based chemicals. This study aims to develop efficient catalytic conversion technologies to transform cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in waste wood into high-value-added bio-based chemicals, including furfural, xylitol, and aromatic compounds. By combining acid-catalyzed hydrolysis with thermochemical conversion, reaction conditions were optimized to enhance yield and selectivity, while novel catalysts were introduced to reduce by-product formation. Experimental results demonstrated that by adjusting reaction temperature, time, and catalyst type, significant improvements in target product yields could be achieved, with furfural and xylitol yields reaching 45% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, through the fractionated separation and directed conversion of lignin, various aromatic compounds were successfully synthesized, further expanding the comprehensive utilization value of waste wood. The innovation of this study lies in proposing an integrated waste wood conversion strategy that enables synergistic utilization of multiple components while reducing process energy consumption and environmental burden. This method provides theoretical support and technical demonstration for the high-value utilization of waste wood, playing a significant role in promoting the development of the biomass chemical industry.
Key Words：Abandoned Wood；Bio-Based Chemicals；Catalytic Conversion；Furfural；Xylitol；Aromatic Compounds；Sustainable Development
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 废弃木材资源化利用的背景与意义 1
1.2 生物基化学品合成的研究现状分析 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线设计 2
第2章 废弃木材预处理技术研究 3
2.1 废弃木材成分分析与特性评估 3
2.2 预处理方法的选择与优化策略 3
2.3 物理化学预处理对转化效率的影响 4
2.4 预处理技术的成本效益分析 4
第3章 生物基化学品合成路径探索 6
3.1 合成路径的设计与可行性分析 6
3.2 关键反应条件的优化研究 6
3.3 催化剂选择及其作用机制探讨 7
3.4 不同合成路径的对比与评价 7
第4章 产品分离与纯化工艺开发 8
4.1 分离纯化技术的适用性分析 8
4.2 提高产品纯度的关键工艺参数 8
4.3 环保型分离技术的应用前景 9
4.4 工艺经济性与可持续性评估 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
