新型光敏材料在光催化反应中的应用 -应用化工技术(专）专业

摘要

光催化技术作为一种绿色、高效的能源转换与环境治理手段，近年来受到广泛关注。本研究聚焦于新型光敏材料在光催化反应中的应用，旨在开发具有高活性、稳定性和宽光谱响应特性的光催化剂。通过设计合成一系列基于金属氧化物和二维层状材料的复合光催化体系，结合理论计算与实验验证，系统探究了材料结构与光催化性能之间的构效关系。研究发现，通过调控材料的能带结构和界面特性，可显著提升其对可见光的吸收效率及电荷分离能力，从而增强光催化反应速率。实验结果表明，所制备的新型光敏材料在水分解制氢、有机污染物降解以及二氧化碳还原等反应中表现出优异的催化性能。与传统光催化剂相比，该类材料不仅拓宽了光响应范围，还有效抑制了光生电子-空穴对的复合，展现出显著的性能优势。此外，本研究首次提出了一种界面工程策略，通过构建异质结促进电荷转移，为高性能光催化剂的设计提供了新思路。综上所述，本研究不仅深化了对光催化机制的理解，还为新型光敏材料的实际应用奠定了理论与实验基础，具有重要的科学意义和潜在的应用价值。

关键词：光催化；金属氧化物；二维层状材料；界面工程；异质结

Abstract

Photocatalytic technology, as a green and efficient approach for energy conversion and environmental remediation, has garnered significant attention in recent years. This study focuses on the application of novel photosensitive materials in photocatalytic reactions, aiming to develop photocatalysts with high activity, stability, and broad-spectrum light response characteristics. By designing and synthesizing a series of composite photocatalytic systems based on me tal oxides and two-dimensional layered materials, combined with theoretical calculations and experimental validation, the structure-property relationships between material structures and photocatalytic performance were systematically investigated. It was found that by modulating the band structure and interfacial properties of the materials, their absorption efficiency for visible light and charge separation capability could be significantly enhanced, thereby improving the rate of photocatalytic reactions. Experimental results demonstrated that the prepared novel photosensitive materials exhibited superior catalytic performance in hydrogen production via water splitting, organic pollutant degradation, and carbon dioxide reduction. Compared with traditional photocatalysts, these materials not only extended the range of light response but also effectively suppressed the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, showcasing remarkable performance advantages. Additionally, this study proposed an interface engineering strategy for the first time, promoting charge transfer through the construction of heterojunctions, which provides new insights into the design of high-performance photocatalysts. In summary, this research not only deepens the understanding of photocatalytic mechanisms but also lays a theoretical and experimental foundation for the practical application of novel photosensitive materials, holding important scientific significance and potential application value..

Key Words：Photo Catalysis；me tal Oxide；Two Dimensional Layered Material；Interface Engineering；Heterojunction

摘要 I

Abstract II

第1章绪论 1

1.1 新型光敏材料的研究背景与意义 1

1.2 光催化反应领域的研究现状分析 1

1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2

第2章新型光敏材料的特性与设计 3

2.1 光敏材料的基本原理与分类 3

2.2 新型光敏材料的设计策略 3

2.3 材料光响应性能的优化机制 4

2.4 光敏材料的制备技术与表征方法 4