高效脱硝技术在化工废气处理中的应用 -应用化工技术(专）专业

摘要

随着工业化的快速发展，化工废气中的氮氧化物（NOx）排放已成为大气污染的重要来源之一，其对环境和人类健康的危害日益受到关注。为应对这一挑战，本研究聚焦于高效脱硝技术在化工废气处理中的应用，旨在探索更为经济、环保且高效的NOx减排方案。研究选取了选择性催化还原（SCR）、非选择性催化还原（NSCR）以及臭氧氧化联合吸收等先进技术作为主要研究对象，并通过实验室模拟与实际工程验证相结合的方式，系统评估了不同技术的脱硝效率、运行成本及适应性。实验结果表明，优化后的SCR工艺在低温条件下仍可实现超过90%的脱硝效率，而臭氧氧化联合吸收技术则在高浓度NOx废气处理中表现出显著优势，其去除率可达95%以上。此外，本研究创新性地提出了一种基于机器学习的工艺参数优化方法，有效提升了脱硝系统的稳定性和经济性。通过对多种技术路线的综合对比分析，研究得出结论：针对不同工况条件，合理选择并优化脱硝技术是实现高效减排的关键所在。本研究不仅为化工行业提供了切实可行的技术参考，还为未来脱硝技术的研发方向提出了建设性建议，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。

关键词：氮氧化物减排；选择性催化还原；臭氧氧化联合吸收；机器学习优化；化工废气处理

Abstract

With the rapid development of industrialization, the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from chemical industry exhaust has become one of the significant sources of atmospheric pollution, and its adverse effects on the environment and human health have drawn increasing attention. To address this challenge, this study focuses on the application of efficient denitrification technologies in the treatment of chemical exhaust, aiming to explore more economical, environmentally friendly, and efficient NOx reduction solutions. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR), non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR), and ozone oxidation combined with absorption were selected as the primary research subjects. Through a combination of laboratory simulation and practical engineering verification, the denitrification efficiency, operating costs, and adaptability of different technologies were systematically evaluated. The results indicate that the optimized SCR process can achieve over 90% denitrification efficiency even under low-temperature conditions, while the ozone oxidation combined with absorption technology demonstrates significant advantages in treating high-concentration NOx exhaust, with a removal rate exceeding 95%. Furthermore, this study innovatively proposes a process parameter optimization method based on machine learning, effectively enhancing the stability and economic viability of the denitrification system. Through comprehensive comparative analysis of multiple technical routes, it is concluded that reasonably selecting and optimizing denitrification technologies according to varying working conditions is the key to achieving efficient emissions reduction. This study not only provides feasible technical references for the chemical industry but also offers constructive suggestions for the future development direction of denitrification technologies, possessing important theoretical value and practical significance..

Key Words：Nitrogen Oxides Emission Reduction；Selective Catalytic Reduction；Ozone Oxidation Combined Absorption；Machine Learning Optimization；Chemical Waste Gas Treatment

摘要 I

Abstract II

第1章绪论 1

1.1 化工废气处理中的脱硝技术背景 1

1.2 高效脱硝技术应用的研究意义 1

1.3 国内外高效脱硝技术研究现状 2

1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2

第2章高效脱硝技术原理与分类 3

2.1 脱硝技术的基本原理分析 3

2.2 常见高效脱硝技术的分类 3

2.3 SCR技术在化工废气中的应用特点 4

2.4 SNCR技术的适用场景与局限性 4