摘 要
化工废水的排放对生态环境和人类健康构成严重威胁，实现零排放已成为全球化工行业可持续发展的关键目标。本研究以探索高效、经济可行的化工废水零排放处理技术为核心目的，针对传统处理工艺存在的能耗高、资源回收率低及二次污染等问题展开系统分析。研究采用集成化技术路线，结合膜分离、高级氧化和结晶蒸发等方法，构建了一套适用于复杂化工废水的综合处理体系。通过实验室模拟与实际工程验证相结合的方式，评估了该技术在污染物去除效率、水资源回用率及盐分资源化方面的表现。结果表明，所提出的处理方案能够有效降低废水中COD、重金属离子及其他有害物质浓度至环境可接受水平，同时实现高达95%以上的水回收率和80%以上的固体盐纯度。此外，创新性地引入智能控制模块优化运行参数，显著提升了系统的稳定性和经济性。本研究的主要贡献在于提出了一种兼具高效性与实用性的化工废水零排放解决方案，为推动化工行业的绿色转型提供了重要技术支持。关键词：化工废水零排放；集成化处理技术；膜分离；高级氧化；水资源回用率
Abstract
The discharge of chemical wastewater poses a severe threat to ecological environments and human health, and achieving zero liquid discharge (ZLD) has become a critical goal for the sustainable development of the global chemical industry. This study focuses on exploring efficient and economically viable ZLD treatment technologies for chemical wastewater, systematically analyzing issues associated with traditional processes such as high energy consumption, low resource recovery rates, and secondary pollution. An integrated technical approach was adopted, combining membrane separation, advanced oxidation processes, and crystallization evaporation methods to establish a comprehensive treatment system suitable for complex chemical wastewater. The performance of this technology in terms of pollutant removal efficiency, water reuse rate, and salt resource utilization was evaluated through a combination of laboratory simulations and real-world engineering validations. Results indicate that the proposed treatment scheme effectively reduces concentrations of COD, heavy me tal ions, and other harmful substances to environmentally acceptable levels, while achieving a water recovery rate exceeding 95% and solid salt purity above 80%. Additionally, an innovative smart control module was introduced to optimize operational parameters, significantly enhancing the stability and economic feasibility of the system. The primary contribution of this research lies in proposing an effective and practical ZLD solution for chemical wastewater, providing crucial technical support for promoting the green transformation of the chemical industry..
Key Words：Zero Discharge Of Chemical Wastewater；Integrated Treatment Technology；Membrane Separation；Advanced Oxidation；Water Resources Reuse Rate
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 2
1.1 化工废水零排放的研究背景与意义 2
1.2 国内外化工废水零排放技术研究现状 2
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 3
第2章 化工废水零排放的关键技术分析 4
2.1 废水成分与处理难点解析 4
2.2 零排放关键技术体系构建 4
2.3 典型技术案例及其应用效果评估 5
第3章 化工废水零排放的工艺优化研究 7
3.1 工艺流程设计与优化策略 7
3.2 关键设备选型与性能提升研究 7
3.3 工艺经济性与可行性分析 8
第4章 化工废水零排放的环境效益与挑战 9
4.1 零排放对生态环境的影响评估 9
4.2 技术推广中的障碍与解决方案 9
4.3 未来发展方向与政策建议 10
结 论 10
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
