摘 要
土壤微生物群落作为生态系统功能的核心驱动者，在养分循环、碳固定和污染物降解等过程中发挥关键作用，其多样性和组成变化对土壤生态系统的稳定性与可持续性具有深远影响本研究以典型农田和森林土壤为对象，通过高通量测序技术结合生物地球化学分析方法，系统探讨了微生物群落多样性与土壤功能之间的关系结果表明，微生物群落的α多样性与土壤有机碳含量及氮矿化速率呈显著正相关，而β多样性则反映了不同土地利用方式下微生物功能潜力的差异此外，特定功能基因丰度与土壤酶活性的耦合分析揭示了微生物网络结构对环境压力的响应机制本研究创新性地提出了基于功能冗余度评估微生物群落稳定性的新方法，为理解土壤生态系统功能的调控机制提供了重要理论依据同时，该研究为优化土地管理策略、提升土壤健康水平提供了科学参考
关键词：土壤微生物群落；功能冗余度；α多样性；β多样性；土地利用方式
Influence of Microbial Community Diversity on Soil Ecosystem Functions
英文人名
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Abstract
Soil microbial communities, as the core drivers of ecosystem functions, play critical roles in nutrient cycling, carbon fixation, and pollutant degradation, and their diversity and compositional changes have profound impacts on the stability and sustainability of soil ecosystems. This study investigates the relationship between microbial community diversity and soil functions using typical agricultural and forest soils as research ob jects, employing high-throughput sequencing technology combined with biogeochemical analysis methods. The results indicate that the α-diversity of microbial communities is significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon content and nitrogen mineralization rates, while β-diversity reflects differences in microbial functional potential under varying land-use types. Furthermore, the coupling analysis of specific functional gene abundance and soil enzyme activity reveals the response mechanisms of microbial network structures to environmental stressors. Innovatively, this study proposes a new method for assessing microbial community stability based on functional redundancy, providing important theoretical support for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of soil ecosystem functions. Simultaneously, this research offers scientific references for optimizing land management strategies and enhancing soil health levels.
Keywords: Soil Microbial Community；Functional Redundancy；α-Diversity；β-Diversity；Land Use Type
目 录
引言 1
一、微生物群落多样性与土壤结构 1
(一)土壤微生物群落组成分析 1
(二)微生物多样性对土壤团聚体的影响 2
(三)土壤结构变化的生态意义 2
二、微生物群落多样性与养分循环 3
(一)碳氮循环的关键微生物类群 3
(二)微生物多样性对养分转化效率的作用 3
(三)养分循环功能的稳定性评估 4
三、微生物群落多样性与植物生长促进 4
(一)植物根际微生物互作机制 4
(二)微生物多样性对植物养分吸收的影响 5
(三)植物生产力与微生物多样性的关联 5
四、微生物群落多样性与生态系统服务 6
(一)土壤健康评价指标体系 6
(二)微生物多样性对污染修复能力的影响 6
(三)生态系统服务功能的综合分析 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
