生态网络理论中的稳定性机制与物种共存策略 -生物科学专业

摘要

生态网络理论作为理解生态系统结构与功能的重要框架，近年来在揭示物种间相互作用及其对稳定性的影响方面取得了显著进展。本研究以生态网络中的稳定性机制和物种共存策略为核心，旨在探讨复杂生态网络中物种间的相互作用如何影响系统稳定性，并提出新的分析方法以量化这些动态过程。生态网络的模块化结构和互惠性交互显著增强了系统的抗扰动能力，而关键种的存在则在维持整体稳定性中起到决定性作用。本研究首次提出了基于节点中心性的动态权重分配算法，该算法能够更准确地预测物种灭绝风险及网络重组模式。这一创新方法不仅深化了对生态网络稳定性的理解，还为保护生物学和生态系统管理提供了重要参考。总体而言，本研究强调了物种间相互作用的异质性对生态系统稳定性的重要性，并为未来相关研究奠定了理论基础。

关键词：生态网络稳定性；物种共存策略；模块化结构；动态权重分配算法；关键种作用

Stability Mechanisms and Species Coexistence Strategies in Ecological Network Theory

英文人名

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Abstract

As an important fr amework for understanding the structure and function of ecosystems, ecological network theory has made remarkable progress in recent years in revealing interspecies interactions and their effects on stability. This study focuses on the stability mechanisms and species coexistence strategies in ecological networks, and aims to explore how species interactions affect system stability in complex ecological networks and propose new analytical methods to quantify these dynamic processes. The modular structure and reciprocal interactions of ecological networks significantly enhance the disturbance resistance of the system, while the presence of key species plays a decisive role in maintaining the overall stability. In this study, a dynamic weight allocation algorithm based on node centrality is proposed for the first time, which can predict species extinction risk and network reorganization model more accurately. This innovative approach not only deepens the understanding of the stability of ecological networks, but also provides an important reference for conservation biology and ecosystem management. Overall, this study highlights the importance of heterogeneity in interactions between species for ecosystem stability and lays a theoretical foundation for future research.

Keywords: Ecological Network Stability；Species Coexistence Strategy；Modular Structure；Dynamic Weight Allocation Algorithm；Keystone Species Role

引言 1

一、生态网络的基本理论框架 1

(一)生态网络的定义与特征 1

(二)网络结构对稳定性的影响 2

(三)物种共存的核心机制 2

二、稳定性机制的生态学基础 3

(一)复杂网络中的稳定性来源 3

(二)关键物种与网络稳定性 3

(三)功能冗余与系统弹性 4

三、物种共存策略的网络视角 4

(一)共存条件的理论分析 4