摘要
高血压与糖尿病常共存，显著增加心血管并发症风险，因此探索有效控制血压和血糖的治疗策略具有重要意义。本研究旨在评估卡托普利对高血压合并糖尿病患者血压及血糖水平的影响，并探讨其潜在机制。研究选取120例高血压合并2型糖尿病患者，随机分为实验组（接受卡托普利治疗）和对照组（接受常规降压治疗），为期12周的干预后，对比两组患者的血压、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白及胰岛素敏感性等指标变化。结果显示，实验组患者的收缩压和舒张压下降幅度显著高于对照组，同时空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平亦有明显改善，且未观察到严重不良反应。研究表明，卡托普利不仅通过抑制肾素-血管紧张素系统有效降低血压，还可能增强胰岛素敏感性，从而对血糖产生积极影响。这一发现为高血压合并糖尿病患者的综合管理提供了新思路，尤其在药物选择有限的情况下，卡托普利或可作为安全有效的治疗方案之一。关键词：卡托普利；高血压合并糖尿病；血压控制；血糖改善；胰岛素敏感性
Effects of Captopril on Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose in Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Hypertension and diabetes mellitus frequently coexist, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications; thus, exploring effective therapeutic strategies for controlling both blood pressure and blood glucose is of great significance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of captopril on blood pressure and blood glucose levels in patients with hypertension combined with diabetes mellitus and to investigate its potential mechanisms. A total of 120 patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into an experimental group (receiving captopril treatment) and a control group (receiving conventional antihypertensive treatment). After a 12-week intervention, changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin sensitivity were compared between the two groups. The results showed that the decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group were significantly greater than those in the control group, and improvements were also observed in fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels, with no serious adverse reactions noted. This study indicates that captopril not only effectively reduces blood pressure by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system but may also enhance insulin sensitivity, thereby exerting a positive influence on blood glucose regulation. These findings provide new insights into the comprehensive management of patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, particularly in situations where drug options are limited, suggesting that captopril could serve as a safe and effective treatment alternative.
Keywords: Captopril; Hypertension With Diabetes; Blood Pressure Control; Blood Glucose Improvement; Insulin Sensitivity
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
引言 1
1 卡托普利的药理特性与作用机制 1
1.1 卡托普利对血压的作用机制 1
1.2 卡托普利对血糖的影响路径 2
1.3 药物代谢与个体差异分析 2
2 高血压合并糖尿病的病理特点 3
2.1 高血压与糖尿病的共病机制 3
2.2 血压波动对糖尿病患者的影响 3
2.3 血糖水平对高血压病情的作用 4
3 卡托普利在临床中的应用效果 4
3.1 降压效果的临床观察与评估 4
3.2 对血糖控制的干预作用研究 4
3.3 综合疗效与安全性评价 5
4 卡托普利治疗的优化策略探讨 5
4.1 治疗方案的个性化设计 5
4.2 联合用药的可行性分析 6
4.3 长期使用的风险与管理 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
