摘 要
在全球化不断深化的背景下，发展中国家面临经济增长的新机遇与挑战，如何在复杂的国际经济环境中实现可持续增长成为亟待解决的关键问题。本研究以全球化进程中的发展中国家为研究对象，探讨其经济增长的路径选择及其影响因素。通过构建理论框架并结合实证分析，研究选取了1990年至2020年间45个具有代表性的发展中国家数据，运用面板数据分析方法和结构方程模型，系统评估了贸易开放、技术转移、资本流动及制度质量等因素对经济增长的作用机制。研究表明，贸易开放和技术转移是推动发展中国家经济增长的核心动力，而资本流动的影响则因国家间金融体系成熟度的不同而存在显著差异。此外，良好的制度环境能够显著增强上述因素对经济增长的促进作用。本研究的创新点在于将制度质量纳入分析框架，并揭示其在不同路径中的调节效应，同时强调了技术吸收能力的重要性。研究结果不仅丰富了全球化与经济增长关系的理论内涵，还为发展中国家制定政策提供了实践指导，特别是在优化产业结构、提升技术创新能力和加强制度建设方面具有重要参考价值。最终，本研究呼吁发展中国家应根据自身发展阶段和资源禀赋，探索适合自身的全球化参与模式，以实现更高质量的经济增长。
关键词：全球化；发展中国家；经济增长；制度质量；技术转移
Abstract
In the context of deepening globalization, developing countries are confronted with new opportunities and challenges for economic growth, and how to achieve sustainable growth in a complex international economic environment has become a critical issue that requires urgent attention. This study focuses on developing countries in the process of globalization, exploring their pathways to economic growth and the influencing factors. By constructing a theoretical fr amework and combining it with empirical analysis, the study selects data from 45 representative developing countries between 1990 and 2020, employing panel data analysis methods and structural equation modeling to systematically evaluate the mechanisms through which trade openness, technology transfer, capital flows, and institutional quality affect economic growth. The findings indicate that trade openness and technology transfer serve as the core drivers of economic growth in developing countries, while the impact of capital flows varies significantly depending on the differing levels of financial system maturity across countries. Furthermore, a sound institutional environment can substantially enhance the promoting effects of these factors on economic growth. The innovation of this study lies in incorporating institutional quality into the analytical fr amework and revealing its moderating effects across different pathways, while also emphasizing the importance of technological absorption capacity. The results not only enrich the theoretical understanding of the relationship between globalization and economic growth but also provide practical guidance for policy formulation in developing countries, particularly in optimizing industrial structures, enhancing technological innovation capabilities, and strengthening institutional development. Ultimately, this study advocates that developing countries should explore globalization participation models suited to their own stages of development and resource endowments to achieve higher-quality economic growth.
Keywords: Globalization; Developing Country; Economic Growth; Institution Quality; Technology Transfer
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）全球化与发展中国家经济增长的背景分析 1
（二）研究全球化背景下经济增长路径的意义 1
（三）国内外研究现状与文献综述 1
（四）本文研究方法与创新点概述 2
二、全球化对发展中国家经济增长的影响机制 2
（一）全球化与资源要素流动的关系 2
（二）技术转移对经济增长的促进作用 3
（三）国际贸易对经济发展的驱动效应 3
（四）跨国投资对国内产业的带动作用 4
（五）全球化带来的挑战与风险分析 4
三、发展中国家经济增长路径的理论框架 5
（一）增长路径的核心理论基础 5
（二）结构调整与产业升级的作用 5
（三）制度变革对经济增长的影响 6
（四）区域合作与经济一体化的战略意义 6
（五）可持续发展视角下的路径选择 7
四、发展中国家经济增长路径的实证分析与对策建议 7
（一）典型国家经济增长路径的案例研究 7
（二）数据分析与模型构建方法探讨 8
（三）政策工具对经济增长路径的优化作用 8
（四）提升人力资本与创新能力的策略 9
（五）推动包容性增长的具体措施 9
结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
