摘 要：青少年时期是生长发育的关键阶段，力量训练对其身体素质和骨骼健康的影响备受关注。本研究旨在探讨系统化力量训练对青少年生长发育的潜在作用及其机制。研究选取120名年龄在12至15岁之间的健康青少年，随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组接受为期6个月的力量训练干预，包括渐进性抗阻训练和功能性运动，而对照组仅维持日常活动。通过定期监测受试者的身高、体重、骨密度、肌肉质量及激素水平等指标，结合问卷调查与访谈，全面评估力量训练的效果。结果显示，实验组在肌肉质量和骨密度方面显著优于对照组，且生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-1水平呈现明显上升趋势，表明力量训练能够有效促进青少年的骨骼矿化和肌肉增长。此外，研究发现适度强度的力量训练不会对青少年的生长板造成负面影响，反而有助于提高其运动表现和身体机能。本研究的创新点在于首次将渐进性抗阻训练引入青少年群体，并通过多维度指标验证其安全性与有效性，为青少年体育锻炼提供了科学依据，同时为学校体育课程的设计优化提供了参考价值。
关键词：青少年生长发育；力量训练；骨密度；肌肉质量；渐进性抗阻训练
An Experimental Study on the Impact of Strength Training on Adolescent Growth and Development
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract：Adolescence is a critical period for growth and development, and the impact of strength training on physical fitness and bone health has garnered significant attention. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects and mechanisms of systematic strength training on adolescent growth and development. A total of 120 healthy adolescents aged 12 to 15 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group underwent a six-month strength training intervention, which included progressive resistance training and functional exercises, while the control group maintained their regular daily activities. By regularly monitoring indicators such as height, weight, bone density, muscle mass, and hormone levels, combined with questionnaires and interviews, the effectiveness of strength training was comprehensively evaluated. The results demonstrated that the experimental group significantly outperformed the control group in terms of muscle mass and bone density, with a marked upward trend in growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels, indicating that strength training effectively promotes bone mineralization and muscle growth in adolescents. Additionally, the study found that strength training at moderate intensity does not negatively affect the growth plates but instead enhances athletic performance and physical function. A novel contribution of this research lies in its introduction of progressive resistance training to the adolescent population and the validation of its safety and efficacy through multidimensional indicators, providing scientific evidence for adolescent physical exercise and offering valuable reference for optimizing school physical education curricula.
Keywords: Adolescent Growth And Development；Strength Training；Bone Density；Muscle Mass；Progressive Resistance Training
目 录
引言 1
一、力量训练与青少年生长发育概述 1
(一)青少年生长发育关键期 1
(二)力量训练的基本概念 2
(三)力量训练对青少年的潜在影响 3
二、力量训练对骨骼发育的影响研究 3
(一)骨骼发育的生理机制 3
(二)力量训练对骨密度的作用 4
(三)力量训练对骨骼形态的影响 4
三、力量训练对肌肉发展及体能提升的研究 5
(一)肌肉发展的生理基础 5
(二)力量训练对肌肉力量的促进作用 5
(三)力量训练对青少年体能的综合影响 6
四、力量训练的安全性与实施策略研究 6
(一)力量训练中的风险因素分析 6
(二)安全实施力量训练的关键要点 7
(三)青少年力量训练的个性化方案设计 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
