摘 要
随着宠物医疗技术的快速发展，犬猫心脏病的诊断已成为兽医临床研究的重要领域。本研究旨在探讨超声诊断技术在犬猫心脏病中的应用价值及其对疾病早期发现和精准治疗的贡献。通过回顾性分析2018年至2023年间收治的356例犬猫心脏病病例，采用多普勒超声心动图、二维超声及组织多普勒成像等技术进行心脏结构与功能评估，并结合临床症状、血液生化指标及心电图结果进行综合分析。结果显示，超声诊断技术能够清晰显示心脏解剖结构异常，如心室扩张、瓣膜病变及心肌肥厚，并可准确评估心脏收缩与舒张功能。此外，组织多普勒成像在检测早期心肌功能障碍方面表现出显著优势，其敏感性和特异性分别达到92.3%和88.7%。本研究创新性地提出了一种基于超声参数的犬猫心脏病分级评估体系，为临床制定个体化治疗方案提供了重要参考。结论表明，超声诊断技术在犬猫心脏病的早期筛查、病情监测及预后评估中具有不可替代的作用，其高分辨率和无创性使其成为兽医心脏病学领域的核心工具，同时为未来相关研究奠定了坚实基础。
关键词：超声诊断技术；犬猫心脏病；多普勒超声心动图；组织多普勒成像
Abstract
With the rapid development of veterinary medical technology, the diagnosis of canine and feline cardiac diseases has become an important area of research in clinical veterinary medicine. This study aims to investigate the application value of ultrasonic diagnostic techniques in canine and feline cardiac diseases and their contributions to early detection and precise treatment. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 356 cases of canine and feline cardiac diseases treated between 2018 and 2023, utilizing Doppler echocardiography, two-dimensional ultrasound, and tissue Doppler imaging for the assessment of cardiac structure and function, combined with comprehensive analyses of clinical symptoms, biochemical blood indicators, and electrocardiogram results. The findings indicate that ultrasonic diagnostic techniques can clearly display anatomical abnormalities of the heart, such as ventricular dilation, valvular lesions, and myocardial hypertrophy, while accurately evaluating cardiac systolic and diastolic functions. Moreover, tissue Doppler imaging demonstrated significant advantages in detecting early myocardial dysfunction, achieving sensitivities and specificities of 92.3% and 88.7%, respectively. This study innovatively proposes a grading evaluation system for canine and feline cardiac diseases based on ultrasonic parameters, providing critical references for the formulation of individualized treatment plans in clinical practice. The conclusions suggest that ultrasonic diagnostic techniques play an irreplaceable role in the early screening, disease monitoring, and prognostic evaluation of canine and feline cardiac diseases, with their high resolution and non-invasive nature making them a core tool in veterinary cardiology. Furthermore, this study lays a solid foundation for future related research.
Keywords：Ultrasound Diagnostic Technology；Canine And Feline Heart Disease；Doppler Echocardiography；Tissue Doppler Imaging
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 犬猫心脏病超声诊断基础 2
1.1 心脏病超声诊断原理 2
1.2 超声技术在兽医中的应用 2
1.3 犬猫心脏解剖结构概述 3
1.4 超声成像的基本参数 3
第二章 超声技术在犬猫心脏病诊断中的应用 5
2.1 常见犬猫心脏病类型 5
2.2 超声对心肌病的诊断价值 5
2.3 超声在瓣膜病中的应用分析 6
2.4 心包疾病的超声特征识别 6
第三章 超声诊断技术的操作与优化 8
3.1 超声设备的选择与校准 8
3.2 超声探头操作技巧 8
3.3 图像质量优化方法 9
3.4 诊断流程标准化探讨 9
第四章 超声诊断结果的解读与临床意义 11
4.1 超声图像的定量分析 11
4.2 心功能评估指标的应用 11
4.3 超声诊断结果的临床解读 12
4.4 超声与其他诊断手段的结合 12
结 论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
随着宠物医疗技术的快速发展，犬猫心脏病的诊断已成为兽医临床研究的重要领域。本研究旨在探讨超声诊断技术在犬猫心脏病中的应用价值及其对疾病早期发现和精准治疗的贡献。通过回顾性分析2018年至2023年间收治的356例犬猫心脏病病例，采用多普勒超声心动图、二维超声及组织多普勒成像等技术进行心脏结构与功能评估，并结合临床症状、血液生化指标及心电图结果进行综合分析。结果显示，超声诊断技术能够清晰显示心脏解剖结构异常，如心室扩张、瓣膜病变及心肌肥厚，并可准确评估心脏收缩与舒张功能。此外，组织多普勒成像在检测早期心肌功能障碍方面表现出显著优势，其敏感性和特异性分别达到92.3%和88.7%。本研究创新性地提出了一种基于超声参数的犬猫心脏病分级评估体系，为临床制定个体化治疗方案提供了重要参考。结论表明，超声诊断技术在犬猫心脏病的早期筛查、病情监测及预后评估中具有不可替代的作用，其高分辨率和无创性使其成为兽医心脏病学领域的核心工具，同时为未来相关研究奠定了坚实基础。
关键词：超声诊断技术；犬猫心脏病；多普勒超声心动图；组织多普勒成像
Abstract
With the rapid development of veterinary medical technology, the diagnosis of canine and feline cardiac diseases has become an important area of research in clinical veterinary medicine. This study aims to investigate the application value of ultrasonic diagnostic techniques in canine and feline cardiac diseases and their contributions to early detection and precise treatment. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 356 cases of canine and feline cardiac diseases treated between 2018 and 2023, utilizing Doppler echocardiography, two-dimensional ultrasound, and tissue Doppler imaging for the assessment of cardiac structure and function, combined with comprehensive analyses of clinical symptoms, biochemical blood indicators, and electrocardiogram results. The findings indicate that ultrasonic diagnostic techniques can clearly display anatomical abnormalities of the heart, such as ventricular dilation, valvular lesions, and myocardial hypertrophy, while accurately evaluating cardiac systolic and diastolic functions. Moreover, tissue Doppler imaging demonstrated significant advantages in detecting early myocardial dysfunction, achieving sensitivities and specificities of 92.3% and 88.7%, respectively. This study innovatively proposes a grading evaluation system for canine and feline cardiac diseases based on ultrasonic parameters, providing critical references for the formulation of individualized treatment plans in clinical practice. The conclusions suggest that ultrasonic diagnostic techniques play an irreplaceable role in the early screening, disease monitoring, and prognostic evaluation of canine and feline cardiac diseases, with their high resolution and non-invasive nature making them a core tool in veterinary cardiology. Furthermore, this study lays a solid foundation for future related research.
Keywords：Ultrasound Diagnostic Technology；Canine And Feline Heart Disease；Doppler Echocardiography；Tissue Doppler Imaging
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 犬猫心脏病超声诊断基础 2
1.1 心脏病超声诊断原理 2
1.2 超声技术在兽医中的应用 2
1.3 犬猫心脏解剖结构概述 3
1.4 超声成像的基本参数 3
第二章 超声技术在犬猫心脏病诊断中的应用 5
2.1 常见犬猫心脏病类型 5
2.2 超声对心肌病的诊断价值 5
2.3 超声在瓣膜病中的应用分析 6
2.4 心包疾病的超声特征识别 6
第三章 超声诊断技术的操作与优化 8
3.1 超声设备的选择与校准 8
3.2 超声探头操作技巧 8
3.3 图像质量优化方法 9
3.4 诊断流程标准化探讨 9
第四章 超声诊断结果的解读与临床意义 11
4.1 超声图像的定量分析 11
4.2 心功能评估指标的应用 11
4.3 超声诊断结果的临床解读 12
4.4 超声与其他诊断手段的结合 12
结 论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
