摘 要
城市化进程的加速导致空气污染问题日益严峻，而城市森林作为改善空气质量的重要生态屏障，其作用机制和实际效果亟待深入研究。本研究以城市森林对空气质量的改善功能为核心，通过整合生态学、环境科学与遥感技术，系统分析了城市森林在颗粒物吸附、气体污染物吸收及微气候调节中的关键作用机制。研究选取典型城市区域为案例，运用地面监测数据与卫星遥感影像相结合的方法，评估了城市森林对PM2.5、PM10及二氧化氮等主要污染物的削减效应。结果表明，城市森林能够显著降低空气中颗粒物浓度，并通过蒸腾作用优化局地空气质量。此外，本研究首次提出基于空间分布特征的森林效益量化模型，揭示了不同树种组合与森林结构对空气质量改善的差异性贡献。研究表明，合理规划城市森林布局并优化树种选择可进一步提升其生态服务功能，为城市空气污染治理提供了科学依据和技术支持。
关键词：城市森林; 空气质量改善; 颗粒物吸附; 树种组合; 生态服务功能
Abstract
The accelerating urbanization process has led to increasingly severe air pollution problems, while urban forests, as crucial ecological barriers for improving air quality, warrant in-depth investigation into their mechanisms and practical effects. This study focuses on the air quality improvement functions of urban forests, integrating ecology, environmental science, and remote sensing technology to systematically analyze the key mechanisms by which urban forests adsorb particulate matter, absorb gaseous pollutants, and regulate microclimates. A typical urban area was selected as a case study, employing a combination of ground-based monitoring data and satellite remote sensing imagery to evaluate the mitigation effects of urban forests on major pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, and nitrogen dioxide. The results indicate that urban forests can significantly reduce particulate matter concentrations in the air and optimize local air quality through transpiration. Furthermore, this study proposes a novel forest benefit quantification model based on spatial distribution characteristics, revealing the differential contributions of various tree species combinations and forest structures to air quality improvement. The findings suggest that rational planning of urban forest layouts and optimized tree species selection can further enhance their ecosystem service functions, providing scientific evidence and technical support for urban air pollution control.
Key words:Urban Forest; Air Quality Improvement; Particulate Matter Adsorption; Tree Species Combination; Ecological Service Function
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、城市森林与空气质量的关系 2
1.1、城市森林的基本概念 2
1.2、空气质量的评估指标 2
1.3、森林对空气质量的作用 2
第2章、城市森林改善空气质量的机制分析 4
2.1、植物吸收污染物的过程 4
2.2、森林调节微气候的功能 4
2.3、森林生态系统服务的价值 4
第3章、城市森林对空气质量影响的实证研究 6
3.1、实证研究的设计方法 6
3.2、数据采集与分析技术 6
3.3、实证结果及其解释 7
第4章、城市森林优化与空气质量提升策略 8
4.1、城市森林规划的原则 8
4.2、提升空气质量的具体措施 8
4.3、长期管理与政策建议 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
城市化进程的加速导致空气污染问题日益严峻，而城市森林作为改善空气质量的重要生态屏障，其作用机制和实际效果亟待深入研究。本研究以城市森林对空气质量的改善功能为核心，通过整合生态学、环境科学与遥感技术，系统分析了城市森林在颗粒物吸附、气体污染物吸收及微气候调节中的关键作用机制。研究选取典型城市区域为案例，运用地面监测数据与卫星遥感影像相结合的方法，评估了城市森林对PM2.5、PM10及二氧化氮等主要污染物的削减效应。结果表明，城市森林能够显著降低空气中颗粒物浓度，并通过蒸腾作用优化局地空气质量。此外，本研究首次提出基于空间分布特征的森林效益量化模型，揭示了不同树种组合与森林结构对空气质量改善的差异性贡献。研究表明，合理规划城市森林布局并优化树种选择可进一步提升其生态服务功能，为城市空气污染治理提供了科学依据和技术支持。
关键词：城市森林; 空气质量改善; 颗粒物吸附; 树种组合; 生态服务功能
Abstract
The accelerating urbanization process has led to increasingly severe air pollution problems, while urban forests, as crucial ecological barriers for improving air quality, warrant in-depth investigation into their mechanisms and practical effects. This study focuses on the air quality improvement functions of urban forests, integrating ecology, environmental science, and remote sensing technology to systematically analyze the key mechanisms by which urban forests adsorb particulate matter, absorb gaseous pollutants, and regulate microclimates. A typical urban area was selected as a case study, employing a combination of ground-based monitoring data and satellite remote sensing imagery to evaluate the mitigation effects of urban forests on major pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, and nitrogen dioxide. The results indicate that urban forests can significantly reduce particulate matter concentrations in the air and optimize local air quality through transpiration. Furthermore, this study proposes a novel forest benefit quantification model based on spatial distribution characteristics, revealing the differential contributions of various tree species combinations and forest structures to air quality improvement. The findings suggest that rational planning of urban forest layouts and optimized tree species selection can further enhance their ecosystem service functions, providing scientific evidence and technical support for urban air pollution control.
Key words:Urban Forest; Air Quality Improvement; Particulate Matter Adsorption; Tree Species Combination; Ecological Service Function
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、城市森林与空气质量的关系 2
1.1、城市森林的基本概念 2
1.2、空气质量的评估指标 2
1.3、森林对空气质量的作用 2
第2章、城市森林改善空气质量的机制分析 4
2.1、植物吸收污染物的过程 4
2.2、森林调节微气候的功能 4
2.3、森林生态系统服务的价值 4
第3章、城市森林对空气质量影响的实证研究 6
3.1、实证研究的设计方法 6
3.2、数据采集与分析技术 6
3.3、实证结果及其解释 7
第4章、城市森林优化与空气质量提升策略 8
4.1、城市森林规划的原则 8
4.2、提升空气质量的具体措施 8
4.3、长期管理与政策建议 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
