摘 要
重症患者因病情危重及长期卧床易出现多系统功能障碍，影响预后和生活质量。为探讨早期康复护理对重症患者的干预效果，本研究选取某三甲医院2021年1月至2022年12月收治的120例重症患者作为研究对象，随机分为对照组和干预组各60例。对照组接受常规护理，干预组在常规护理基础上实施个体化早期康复护理方案，包括呼吸训练、肢体功能锻炼、心理支持及营养管理等措施。通过比较两组患者干预前后肺功能指标（如第一秒用力呼气容积）、肌力水平、日常生活能力评分及住院时间，结果显示干预组各项指标均显著优于对照组（P0.05）。此外，干预组并发症发生率明显降低，患者满意度显著提高。研究表明，早期康复护理能够有效改善重症患者的生理功能和心理状态，缩短住院时间，减少医疗资源消耗，其创新性在于将康复理念前移至重症监护阶段，并结合多学科协作制定个性化方案，为重症患者的综合管理提供了新思路和实践依据。
关键词：重症患者；早期康复护理；多系统功能障碍
Abstract
Critically ill patients are prone to develop multi-system functional impairments due to the severity of their conditions and prolonged bed rest, which negatively affects prognosis and quality of life. To investigate the effectiveness of early rehabilitation nursing interventions for critically ill patients, this study recruited 120 critically ill patients admitted to a tertiary hospital from January 2021 to December 2022, randomly dividing them into a control group and an intervention group, each consisting of 60 patients. The control group received routine care, while the intervention group was provided with an individualized early rehabilitation nursing program based on routine care, incorporating measures such as respiratory training, limb function exercises, psychological support, and nutritional management. By comparing pre- and post-intervention pulmonary function indicators (e.g., forced expiratory volume in one second), muscle strength levels, activities of daily living scores, and length of hospital stay between the two groups, the results demonstrated that all indices were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (P0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications was markedly reduced in the intervention group, and patient satisfaction was significantly enhanced. This study indicates that early rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve both the physiological functions and psychological states of critically ill patients, shorten hospital stays, and reduce the consumption of medical resources. Its innovation lies in advancing the concept of rehabilitation to the intensive care stage and integrating multidisciplinary collaboration to develop personalized plans, providing new insights and practical evidence for the comprehensive management of critically ill patients.
Keywords: Critical Patients；Early Rehabilitation Nursing；Multi-System Dysfunction
目 录
引言 1
一、早期康复护理的理论基础与意义 1
（一）重症患者康复需求分析 1
（二）早期康复护理的概念界定 1
（三）理论依据与实践价值 2
二、早期康复护理干预模式构建 2
（一）干预模式的设计原则 2
（二）多学科协作机制建立 3
（三）个性化护理方案制定 3
三、早期康复护理对生理功能的影响 4
（一）肌力与运动能力改善 4
（二）呼吸功能恢复促进 4
（三）循环系统稳定维护 4
四、早期康复护理对心理及生活质量的作用 5
（一）心理状态的积极影响 5
（二）自理能力的提升效果 5
（三）生活质量综合评估 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
重症患者因病情危重及长期卧床易出现多系统功能障碍，影响预后和生活质量。为探讨早期康复护理对重症患者的干预效果，本研究选取某三甲医院2021年1月至2022年12月收治的120例重症患者作为研究对象，随机分为对照组和干预组各60例。对照组接受常规护理，干预组在常规护理基础上实施个体化早期康复护理方案，包括呼吸训练、肢体功能锻炼、心理支持及营养管理等措施。通过比较两组患者干预前后肺功能指标（如第一秒用力呼气容积）、肌力水平、日常生活能力评分及住院时间，结果显示干预组各项指标均显著优于对照组（P0.05）。此外，干预组并发症发生率明显降低，患者满意度显著提高。研究表明，早期康复护理能够有效改善重症患者的生理功能和心理状态，缩短住院时间，减少医疗资源消耗，其创新性在于将康复理念前移至重症监护阶段，并结合多学科协作制定个性化方案，为重症患者的综合管理提供了新思路和实践依据。
关键词：重症患者；早期康复护理；多系统功能障碍
Abstract
Critically ill patients are prone to develop multi-system functional impairments due to the severity of their conditions and prolonged bed rest, which negatively affects prognosis and quality of life. To investigate the effectiveness of early rehabilitation nursing interventions for critically ill patients, this study recruited 120 critically ill patients admitted to a tertiary hospital from January 2021 to December 2022, randomly dividing them into a control group and an intervention group, each consisting of 60 patients. The control group received routine care, while the intervention group was provided with an individualized early rehabilitation nursing program based on routine care, incorporating measures such as respiratory training, limb function exercises, psychological support, and nutritional management. By comparing pre- and post-intervention pulmonary function indicators (e.g., forced expiratory volume in one second), muscle strength levels, activities of daily living scores, and length of hospital stay between the two groups, the results demonstrated that all indices were significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (P0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications was markedly reduced in the intervention group, and patient satisfaction was significantly enhanced. This study indicates that early rehabilitation nursing can effectively improve both the physiological functions and psychological states of critically ill patients, shorten hospital stays, and reduce the consumption of medical resources. Its innovation lies in advancing the concept of rehabilitation to the intensive care stage and integrating multidisciplinary collaboration to develop personalized plans, providing new insights and practical evidence for the comprehensive management of critically ill patients.
Keywords: Critical Patients；Early Rehabilitation Nursing；Multi-System Dysfunction
目 录
引言 1
一、早期康复护理的理论基础与意义 1
（一）重症患者康复需求分析 1
（二）早期康复护理的概念界定 1
（三）理论依据与实践价值 2
二、早期康复护理干预模式构建 2
（一）干预模式的设计原则 2
（二）多学科协作机制建立 3
（三）个性化护理方案制定 3
三、早期康复护理对生理功能的影响 4
（一）肌力与运动能力改善 4
（二）呼吸功能恢复促进 4
（三）循环系统稳定维护 4
四、早期康复护理对心理及生活质量的作用 5
（一）心理状态的积极影响 5
（二）自理能力的提升效果 5
（三）生活质量综合评估 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
