摘 要
失眠症是现代医学中常见的睡眠障碍，严重影响患者的生活质量。本研究旨在探讨中药复方治疗失眠症的临床疗效及其作用机制，为中医药治疗失眠提供科学依据。通过文献回顾和临床观察发现，传统中药复方在改善失眠症状方面具有独特优势。本研究选取了120例符合DSM-5诊断标准的失眠患者，随机分为两组，实验组采用自拟中药复方联合常规护理，对照组仅接受常规护理。疗程为8周，分别于治疗前、治疗后第4周及第8周进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）等评估。结果显示，实验组患者的PSQI评分显著降低，睡眠潜伏期缩短，总睡眠时间延长，HAMA评分也明显下降，表明中药复方不仅能改善睡眠质量，还能缓解焦虑情绪。进一步通过血清学检测发现，实验组患者体内γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）水平升高，皮质醇水平降低，提示中药复方可能通过调节神经递质平衡发挥镇静安神作用。本研究创新性地从神经递质角度阐释了中药复方治疗失眠的作用机制，为中医药现代化研究提供了新思路，也为临床应用提供了可靠的理论支持。
关键词：失眠症；中药复方；神经递质；γ-氨基丁酸；皮质醇
Abstract
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder in modern medicine that significantly impairs the quality of life of patients. This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy and underlying mechanisms of traditional Chinese herbal formulas in treating insomnia, providing scientific evidence for the application of Chinese medicine in insomnia treatment. Through a literature review and clinical observation, it was found that traditional Chinese herbal formulas possess unique advantages in alleviating insomnia symptoms. In this study, 120 patients diagnosed with insomnia according to DSM-5 criteria were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group received a customized herbal formula combined with routine care, while the control group only received routine care. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks, and assessments using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were conducted before treatment, as well as at the 4th and 8th weeks post-treatment. Results indicated that the PSQI scores of patients in the experimental group significantly decreased, with shortened sleep latency and increased total sleep time. Additionally, HAMA scores also markedly declined, suggesting that the herbal formula not only improves sleep quality but also alleviates anxiety. Further serum analysis revealed elevated levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and reduced cortisol levels in the experimental group, implying that the herbal formula may exert sedative and calming effects by modulating neurotransmitter balance. This study innovatively elucidates the mechanism of action of Chinese herbal formulas in treating insomnia from the perspective of neurotransmitters, offering new insights into the modernization of Chinese medicine research and providing robust theoretical support for clinical applications.
Keywords：Insomnia；Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula；Neurotransmitter；Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid；Cortisol
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 失眠症的现状与研究意义 2
1.1 失眠症的流行病学特征 2
1.2 现代医学对失眠的认识 2
1.3 中医对失眠症的理论基础 3
第二章 中药复方治疗失眠的临床观察 5
2.1 临床研究方案设计 5
2.2 治疗效果评价指标 5
2.3 不同类型失眠的疗效分析 6
第三章 中药复方治疗失眠的作用机制 7
3.1 中药复方的组方原理 7
3.2 主要药材的功效分析 7
3.3 作用机制的现代研究进展 8
第四章 中药复方治疗失眠的安全性评估 9
4.1 不良反应监测与分析 9
4.2 长期用药安全性评价 9
4.3 与其他药物相互作用研究 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
