摘 要
肾病综合征是一种常见的肾脏疾病，其临床特征为大量蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、高脂血症和水肿，严重影响患者的生活质量。为了提高肾病综合征患者的护理效果，本研究旨在探讨系统化护理干预对肾病综合征患者病情控制及生活质量的影响。选取某院2018年1月至2021年1月收治的120例肾病综合征患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各60例，对照组采用常规护理模式，观察组在常规护理基础上实施系统化护理干预，包括健康教育、饮食指导、心理护理、并发症预防等多方面内容。经过为期3个月的护理干预后，结果显示观察组患者的24小时尿蛋白定量、血清白蛋白水平、血脂指标均优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。同时，观察组患者的生活质量评分显著高于对照组，在躯体功能、心理状态、社会功能等方面均有明显改善。本研究创新性地将系统化护理理念应用于肾病综合征患者护理中，通过全面评估患者情况并制定个性化护理方案，不仅有助于控制病情发展，还能有效提升患者的生活质量，为肾病综合征患者的护理工作提供了新的思路与方法，对临床护理实践具有重要的参考价值。
关键词：肾病综合征；系统化护理干预；生活质量；24小时尿蛋白定量；血清白蛋白水平
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is a common kidney disease characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema, which significantly impairs patients' quality of life. To improve the nursing outcomes for patients with nephrotic syndrome, this study aimed to investigate the effects of systematic nursing intervention on disease control and quality of life in these patients. A total of 120 patients diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome at a hospital between January 2018 and January 2021 were selected as subjects and divided into observation and control groups of 60 patients each using a random number table method. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group underwent systematic nursing intervention based on routine care, encompassing health education, dietary guidance, psychological care, and prevention of complications. After a three-month intervention period, results indicated that the 24-hour urinary protein excretion, serum albumin levels, and lipid profiles in the observation group were superior to those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). Moreover, the quality of life scores for patients in the observation group were markedly higher than those in the control group, showing significant improvements in physical function, psychological status, and social functioning. This study innovatively applied systematic nursing concepts to the care of patients with nephrotic syndrome, comprehensively assessing patient conditions and formulating individualized nursing plans, which not only aids in controlling disease progression but also effectively enhances patients' quality of life. It provides new insights and methods for the nursing care of patients with nephrotic syndrome and offers important reference value for clinical nursing practice.
Keywords：Nephrotic Syndrome；Systematized Nursing Intervention；Quality Of Life；24-Hour Urine Protein Quantification；Serum Albumin Level
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 肾病综合征患者的整体护理评估 2
1.1 患者病情的全面评估 2
1.2 护理需求的个体化分析 2
1.3 护理计划的制定与调整 3
第二章 日常生活护理的实践体会 5
2.1 饮食管理与营养支持 5
2.2 体位护理与活动指导 5
2.3 皮肤护理与感染预防 6
第三章 症状管理与并发症护理 7
3.1 水肿症状的护理措施 7
3.2 高血压的监测与护理 7
3.3 并发症的早期识别与处理 8
第四章 心理支持与健康教育 9
4.1 患者的心理状态评估 9
4.2 心理干预与情感支持 9
4.3 健康教育与自我管理 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
肾病综合征是一种常见的肾脏疾病，其临床特征为大量蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、高脂血症和水肿，严重影响患者的生活质量。为了提高肾病综合征患者的护理效果，本研究旨在探讨系统化护理干预对肾病综合征患者病情控制及生活质量的影响。选取某院2018年1月至2021年1月收治的120例肾病综合征患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各60例，对照组采用常规护理模式，观察组在常规护理基础上实施系统化护理干预，包括健康教育、饮食指导、心理护理、并发症预防等多方面内容。经过为期3个月的护理干预后，结果显示观察组患者的24小时尿蛋白定量、血清白蛋白水平、血脂指标均优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。同时，观察组患者的生活质量评分显著高于对照组，在躯体功能、心理状态、社会功能等方面均有明显改善。本研究创新性地将系统化护理理念应用于肾病综合征患者护理中，通过全面评估患者情况并制定个性化护理方案，不仅有助于控制病情发展，还能有效提升患者的生活质量，为肾病综合征患者的护理工作提供了新的思路与方法，对临床护理实践具有重要的参考价值。
关键词：肾病综合征；系统化护理干预；生活质量；24小时尿蛋白定量；血清白蛋白水平
Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is a common kidney disease characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema, which significantly impairs patients' quality of life. To improve the nursing outcomes for patients with nephrotic syndrome, this study aimed to investigate the effects of systematic nursing intervention on disease control and quality of life in these patients. A total of 120 patients diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome at a hospital between January 2018 and January 2021 were selected as subjects and divided into observation and control groups of 60 patients each using a random number table method. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group underwent systematic nursing intervention based on routine care, encompassing health education, dietary guidance, psychological care, and prevention of complications. After a three-month intervention period, results indicated that the 24-hour urinary protein excretion, serum albumin levels, and lipid profiles in the observation group were superior to those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). Moreover, the quality of life scores for patients in the observation group were markedly higher than those in the control group, showing significant improvements in physical function, psychological status, and social functioning. This study innovatively applied systematic nursing concepts to the care of patients with nephrotic syndrome, comprehensively assessing patient conditions and formulating individualized nursing plans, which not only aids in controlling disease progression but also effectively enhances patients' quality of life. It provides new insights and methods for the nursing care of patients with nephrotic syndrome and offers important reference value for clinical nursing practice.
Keywords：Nephrotic Syndrome；Systematized Nursing Intervention；Quality Of Life；24-Hour Urine Protein Quantification；Serum Albumin Level
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 肾病综合征患者的整体护理评估 2
1.1 患者病情的全面评估 2
1.2 护理需求的个体化分析 2
1.3 护理计划的制定与调整 3
第二章 日常生活护理的实践体会 5
2.1 饮食管理与营养支持 5
2.2 体位护理与活动指导 5
2.3 皮肤护理与感染预防 6
第三章 症状管理与并发症护理 7
3.1 水肿症状的护理措施 7
3.2 高血压的监测与护理 7
3.3 并发症的早期识别与处理 8
第四章 心理支持与健康教育 9
4.1 患者的心理状态评估 9
4.2 心理干预与情感支持 9
4.3 健康教育与自我管理 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
