论个人数据经济利益的归属与法律保护 -法学专业

摘要

随着信息技术的迅猛发展，个人数据在数字经济中的价值日益凸显。本研究旨在探讨个人数据经济利益的归属与法律保护问题，以期为构建完善的个人数据权益保障体系提供理论支持。通过对国内外相关法律法规、政策文件以及学术研究成果进行系统梳理，结合对典型司法案例的分析，运用比较法、实证分析等方法展开深入研究。研究发现，当前个人数据经济利益的归属存在模糊不清的问题，在数据收集、使用、交易等环节缺乏明确的权利界定，导致个人数据被滥用现象时有发生。创新性地提出应确立个人对其数据享有原始财产权益的观点，即个人数据产生的经济利益首先归属于数据主体，并且强调数据控制者负有合理使用的义务。在此基础上构建包含事前预防、事中监管、事后救济在内的全方位法律保护机制，不仅能够有效维护个人数据权益，还能促进数据产业健康发展，为我国数字经济高质量发展奠定坚实的法治基础。

关键词：个人数据经济利益数据权益保护原始财产权益

Abstract

With the rapid development of information technology, the value of personal data in the digital economy has become increasingly prominent. This study aims to explore the attribution and legal protection of economic interests derived from personal data, providing theoretical support for establishing a comprehensive system to safeguard personal data rights. By systematically reviewing relevant domestic and international laws, policy documents, and academic research findings, and through the analysis of typical judicial cases, this study employs comparative law and empirical analysis methods to conduct an in-depth investigation. The research reveals that the current attribution of economic interests from personal data remains ambiguous, with unclear rights definitions in data collection, usage, and trading processes, leading to frequent misuse of personal data. Innovatively, this study proposes that individuals should have original property rights over their data, meaning that the economic benefits generated by personal data should primarily belong to the data subjects, while emphasizing that data controllers bear the obligation of reasonable use. On this basis, a comprehensive legal protection mechanism encompassing ex-ante prevention, intra-event supervision, and ex-post relief is constructed, which not only effectively safeguards personal data rights but also promotes the healthy development of the data industry, laying a solid legal foundation for the high-quality development of China’s digital economy.

Keyword:Personal Data Economic Interests Data Rights Protection Original Property Rights

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

2个人数据经济利益的理论基础 1

2.1数据作为新型生产要素 2

2.2经济利益的内涵界定 2

2.3权益归属的理论依据 3

3个人数据经济利益的归属分析 3

3.1归属主体的确定原则 4

3.2数据生成过程中的权益分配 4

3.3不同场景下的归属模式 5