自动化装配技术在航空航天领域的应用与挑战 -电气工程及其自动化专业

摘要

随着航空航天产业的快速发展，对装配精度、效率和可靠性的要求不断提高，传统装配方式已难以满足需求。本文聚焦自动化装配技术在航空航天领域的应用与挑战，旨在探讨其如何提升制造水平并解决行业痛点。研究基于理论分析与案例研究相结合的方法，系统梳理了自动化装配技术的发展历程、关键技术和应用场景。通过对国内外典型企业的调研发现，自动化装配技术能够显著提高装配精度和效率，降低人为误差，缩短生产周期。特别是在大型结构件装配、精密部件安装等方面展现出独特优势。创新点在于首次提出多传感器融合的智能装配监控系统，实现了装配过程的实时监测与自动调整，有效解决了复杂环境下装配质量控制难题。此外，针对当前存在的技术瓶颈如高精度定位、柔性装配等问题进行了深入剖析，提出了基于人工智能算法优化的解决方案。研究表明，自动化装配技术的应用不仅提升了产品质量和生产效率，还为航空航天制造业的智能化转型提供了重要支撑，具有广阔的应用前景和发展潜力。

关键词：自动化装配技术航空航天制造多传感器融合

Abstract

With the rapid development of the aerospace industry, increasing demands are placed on assembly accuracy, efficiency, and reliability, making traditional assembly methods inadequate. This paper focuses on the application and challenges of automated assembly technology in the aerospace field, aiming to explore how it can enhance manufacturing standards and address industry pain points. The study employs a combination of theoretical analysis and case studies to systematically review the evolution, key technologies, and application scenarios of automated assembly technology. Research findings from surveys of typical enterprises both domestically and internationally reveal that automated assembly technology significantly improves assembly precision and efficiency, reduces human error, and shortens production cycles. It demonstrates unique advantages particularly in the assembly of large structural components and the installation of precision parts. An innovation highlighted in this study is the first proposal of a multi-sensor fusion intelligent assembly monitoring system, which achieves real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the assembly process, effectively addressing quality control challenges in complex environments. Furthermore, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of existing technological bottlenecks such as high-precision positioning and flexible assembly, proposing solutions optimized by artificial intelligence algorithms. The research indicates that the application of automated assembly technology not only enhances product quality and production efficiency but also provides crucial support for the intelligent transformation of the aerospace manufacturing industry, demonstrating broad application prospects and development potential.

Keyword:Automation Assembly Technology Aerospace Manufacturing Multi-sensor Fusion

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.3研究方法概述 2

2自动化装配技术的应用场景 2

2.1航空发动机装配技术 2

2.2飞机构件自动化组装 3

2.3卫星制造中的应用实例 3

3关键技术与工艺创新 4

3.1精密定位与测量技术 4

3.2智能机器人装配系统 4