森林土壤微生物多样性对土壤肥力的影响 -林学专业

摘要

本研究旨在探讨森林土壤微生物多样性对土壤肥力的影响。通过采集不同林型的土壤样品，运用高通量测序技术对土壤微生物群落结构进行了深入分析。结果显示，微生物多样性丰富的土壤样品中，有机质含量、全氮、有效磷等肥力指标均显著高于微生物多样性较低的土壤。进一步分析表明，微生物多样性与土壤酶活性呈正相关，尤其是与土壤脲酶、磷酸酶等关键肥力相关酶活性的关系更为密切。本研究创新性地结合了微生物多样性与土壤生物化学特性，揭示了微生物多样性在维持和提升森林土壤肥力中的重要作用。此外，通过对比不同林型土壤微生物群落的差异，发现针叶林和阔叶林土壤微生物组成存在显著差异，且阔叶林土壤微生物多样性对土壤肥力的贡献更为显著。

关键词：森林土壤；微生物多样性；土壤肥力；高通量测序

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of forest soil microbial diversity on soil fertility. By collecting soil samples from different forest types, the soil microbial community structure was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the fertility indexes of soil samples with rich microbial diversity, such as organic matter content, total nitrogen and available phosphorus, were significantly higher than those of soil samples with low microbial diversity. Further analysis showed that microbial diversity was positively correlated with soil enzyme activities, especially with soil urease, phosphatase and other key fertility related enzymes. This study innovatively combined microbial diversity with soil biochemistry to reveal the important role of microbial diversity in maintaining and improving forest soil fertility. In addition, by comparing the differences of soil microbial communities of different forest types, it was found that there were significant differences in soil microbial composition between coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest, and the contribution of soil microbial diversity to soil fertility was more significant in broad-leaved forest.

Key words: Forest soil; Microbial diversity; Soil fertility; High-throughput sequencing

中文摘要 I

英文摘要 II

目录 III

引言 4

第1章、森林土壤微生物多样性的概述与重要性 5

1.1、微生物多样性的定义与分类 5

1.2、微生物多样性在森林生态系统中的作用 5

1.3、微生物多样性与土壤肥力的关系初探 6

第2章、森林土壤微生物多样性对土壤肥力的直接影响 7

2.1、微生物多样性对土壤养分循环的促进 7

2.2、微生物活动对土壤结构的改良作用 7