摘 要
本研究针对当前森林土壤重金属污染现状进行了深入调查，并对其生态风险进行了全面评估。研究背景显示，随着工业化进程的加速，重金属污染问题日益凸显，森林土壤作为生态系统的重要组成部分，其健康状况直接关系到生态平衡与环境保护。本研究旨在通过实地采样、实验室分析及风险评估模型，揭示森林土壤重金属的污染程度与潜在生态风险。方法上，我们采集了多个典型森林区域的土壤样本，利用原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光法等先进技术对重金属含量进行了精确测定。结果显示，部分区域存在明显的重金属超标现象，其中以铅、镉污染最为严重。通过生态风险评估模型分析，发现这些污染区域存在较高的生态风险，可能对生物多样性及土壤功能造成长期负面影响。
关键词：森林土壤；重金属污染；生态风险评估；风险管理
Abstract
The present situation of heavy me tal pollution in forest soil was investigated in this study, and its ecological risk was evaluated comprehensively. The research background shows that with the acceleration of industrialization, the problem of heavy me tal pollution has become increasingly prominent. Forest soil is an important part of the ecosystem, and its health status is directly related to ecological balance and environmental protection. Through field sampling, laboratory analysis and risk assessment model, this study aims to reveal the extent and potential ecological risk of heavy me tal pollution in forest soil. In terms of methods, we collected soil samples from several typical forest areas, and used advanced techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluorescence method to accurately determine the heavy me tal content. The results show that there are obvious excessive heavy me tals in some areas, among which lead and cadmium are the most serious pollution. Through the analysis of ecological risk assessment model, it is found that there are high ecological risks in these polluted areas, which may cause long-term negative effects on biodiversity and soil function.
Key words: Forest soil; Heavy me tal pollution; Ecological risk assessment; Risk management
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 4
第1章、森林土壤重金属污染现状 5
1.1、重金属污染概述 5
1.2、森林土壤重金属污染来源 5
1.3、国内外森林土壤重金属污染对比 5
第2章、森林土壤重金属污染生态风险评估方法 7
2.1、生态风险评估框架 7
2.2、风险识别与源分析 7
2.3、暴露评估与危害识别 8
第3章、森林土壤重金属污染生态风险评估实践 9
3.1、研究区域与样本采集 9
3.2、重金属含量测定与分析 9
3.3、生态风险评估结果 9
3.4、风险评估的不确定性分析 10
第4章、森林土壤重金属污染防治与风险管理策略 11
4.1、污染防治措施与技术 11
4.2、风险降低与缓解策略 11
4.3、政策法规与管理体系建议 11
4.4、未来研究方向与挑战 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
