心血管疾病的生物力学分析与治疗策略优化
摘 要
心血管疾病作为全球主要致死病因，其发病机制与血流动力学特征密切相关。本研究基于生物力学原理，采用计算流体力学（CFD）模拟与体外实验相结合的方法，系统分析了动脉粥样硬化斑块形成过程中的血流动力学特征及其对血管壁的力学影响。研究构建了包含不同狭窄程度的三维血管模型，通过数值模拟获得了血流速度、壁面剪切应力等关键参数分布规律；同时设计开发了新型体外循环实验平台，实现了对血管壁应力分布的实时监测。结果表明，低壁面剪切应力区域与斑块高发部位呈现显著相关性，且特定频率的脉动压力可有效抑制斑块生长。基于上述发现，本研究提出了一种结合靶向药物递送和机械刺激的新型治疗策略，通过优化给药方案和施加特定频率的机械振动，显著提高了治疗效果。
关键词：心血管疾病 血流动力学 动脉粥样硬化斑块
Abstract
As the main cause of death worldwide, the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is closely related with the hemodynamic characteristics. Based on this study, we used computational fluid mechanics (CFD) simulation and in vitro experiments to systematically analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque formation and its mechanical influence on the vascular wall. The three-dimensional vascular model with the degrees of different stenosis was constructed, and then the distribution pattern of key parameters such as blood flow velocity and wall shear stress were obtained through numerical simulation. At the same time, a new cardiopulmonary bypass experimental platform was designed and developed to realize the real-time monitoring of vessel wall stress distribution. The results showed that the low wall shear stress area showed a significant correlation with the high incidence of plaque areas, and the pulsatile pressure at a specific frequency could effectively inhibit plaque growth. Based on the above findings, this study proposes a novel therapeutic strategy combining targeted drug delivery and mechanical stimulation, which significantly improves the therapeutic efficacy by optimizing the dosing regimen and applying mechanical vibration at a specific frequency.
Keyword:Cardiovascular Disease Hemodynamics Atherosclerotic Plaque
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2研究现状 1
2心血管系统生物力学特性分析 2
2.1血管壁力学特性及其影响因素 2
2.2血流动力学特征与病理机制 2
2.3心脏力学性能评估方法 3
3心血管疾病生物力学模型构建 3
3.1动脉粥样硬化生物力学模型 3
3.2心力衰竭的力学仿真分析 4
3.3支架植入后的血流动力学模拟 5
4基于生物力学的治疗策略优化 5
4.1个性化介入治疗方案设计 5
4.2药物释放系统的力学优化 6
4.3康复训练的生物力学指导方案 7
5结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
摘 要
心血管疾病作为全球主要致死病因，其发病机制与血流动力学特征密切相关。本研究基于生物力学原理，采用计算流体力学（CFD）模拟与体外实验相结合的方法，系统分析了动脉粥样硬化斑块形成过程中的血流动力学特征及其对血管壁的力学影响。研究构建了包含不同狭窄程度的三维血管模型，通过数值模拟获得了血流速度、壁面剪切应力等关键参数分布规律；同时设计开发了新型体外循环实验平台，实现了对血管壁应力分布的实时监测。结果表明，低壁面剪切应力区域与斑块高发部位呈现显著相关性，且特定频率的脉动压力可有效抑制斑块生长。基于上述发现，本研究提出了一种结合靶向药物递送和机械刺激的新型治疗策略，通过优化给药方案和施加特定频率的机械振动，显著提高了治疗效果。
关键词：心血管疾病 血流动力学 动脉粥样硬化斑块
Abstract
As the main cause of death worldwide, the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is closely related with the hemodynamic characteristics. Based on this study, we used computational fluid mechanics (CFD) simulation and in vitro experiments to systematically analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque formation and its mechanical influence on the vascular wall. The three-dimensional vascular model with the degrees of different stenosis was constructed, and then the distribution pattern of key parameters such as blood flow velocity and wall shear stress were obtained through numerical simulation. At the same time, a new cardiopulmonary bypass experimental platform was designed and developed to realize the real-time monitoring of vessel wall stress distribution. The results showed that the low wall shear stress area showed a significant correlation with the high incidence of plaque areas, and the pulsatile pressure at a specific frequency could effectively inhibit plaque growth. Based on the above findings, this study proposes a novel therapeutic strategy combining targeted drug delivery and mechanical stimulation, which significantly improves the therapeutic efficacy by optimizing the dosing regimen and applying mechanical vibration at a specific frequency.
Keyword:Cardiovascular Disease Hemodynamics Atherosclerotic Plaque
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2研究现状 1
2心血管系统生物力学特性分析 2
2.1血管壁力学特性及其影响因素 2
2.2血流动力学特征与病理机制 2
2.3心脏力学性能评估方法 3
3心血管疾病生物力学模型构建 3
3.1动脉粥样硬化生物力学模型 3
3.2心力衰竭的力学仿真分析 4
3.3支架植入后的血流动力学模拟 5
4基于生物力学的治疗策略优化 5
4.1个性化介入治疗方案设计 5
4.2药物释放系统的力学优化 6
4.3康复训练的生物力学指导方案 7
5结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
