摘 要
创伤救治中，止血、抗菌和组织修复材料至关重要。功能化多孔复合材料因具备独特结构性能而成为研究热点。本研究旨在通过调控功能化多孔复合材料的结构性能以提升其在创伤救治中的应用效果。采用溶胶 - 凝胶法结合冷冻干燥技术制备了具有不同孔径、孔隙率及表面化学性质的功能化多孔复合材料，并引入生物活性物质如壳聚糖、银离子等赋予材料特殊功能。通过扫描电子显微镜、氮气吸附 - 脱附等表征手段分析材料微观结构与物理化学性质，利用体外细胞实验和动物模型评估材料的止血性能、抗菌能力及生物相容性。结果表明，所制备材料具有良好的多级孔结构，孔径和孔隙率可调，且引入的生物活性物质显著增强了材料的综合性能。在止血方面，材料能快速吸收血液并促进凝血因子聚集；抗菌测试显示对多种常见致病菌有明显抑制作用；生物相容性良好，未见明显细胞毒性反应。该研究创新性地实现了对功能化多孔复合材料结构性能的精准调控，在创伤救治领域展现出巨大应用潜力，为开发高性能创伤救治材料提供了新思路。
关键词：功能化多孔复合材料 创伤救治 止血性能
Abstract
Hemostasis, antibacterial properties, and tissue repair materials are critical in trauma care. Functional porous composite materials have become a research focus due to their unique structural and performance characteristics. This study aims to enhance the application effects of functional porous composites in trauma care by modulating their structural and performance properties. Sol-gel method combined with freeze-drying technology was employed to fabricate functional porous composites with varying pore sizes, porosities, and surface chemical properties, incorporating bioactive substances such as chitosan and silver ions to endow the materials with special functionalities. The microstructure and physicochemical properties of the materials were analyzed using techniques like scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption, while in vitro cell experiments and animal models were utilized to evaluate hemostatic performance, antibacterial capability, and biocompatibility. Results indicate that the prepared materials possess excellent hierarchical porous structures with tunable pore size and porosity, and the introduced bioactive substances significantly enhanced the overall performance of the materials. In terms of hemostasis, the materials can rapidly absorb blood and promote the aggregation of coagulation factors; antibacterial tests showed evident inhibitory effects on various common pathogenic bacteria; and they exhibited good biocompatibility without noticeable cytotoxic reactions. This study innovatively achieved precise modulation of the structural and performance properties of functional porous composites, demonstrating significant potential in trauma care applications and providing new insights for developing high-performance trauma care materials.
Keyword:Functionalized Porous Composite Materials Trauma Treatment Hemostatic Performance
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状 1
1.3本文研究方法 1
2多孔复合材料的结构设计 2
2.1材料选择与制备工艺 2
2.2孔结构调控技术 3
2.3功能化改性方法 3
3性能优化与评价体系 4
3.1力学性能测试分析 4
3.2生物相容性评估 4
3.3伤口愈合促进效果 5
4创伤救治中的应用探索 5
4.1止血功能实现路径 6
4.2感染预防机制 6
4.3实际临床应用案例 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
