摘 要
全球制造业竞争加剧和智能制造发展推动了自动化装配线的应用，其对提升生产效率、降低成本和保证产品质量至关重要。但实际中，装配线常遇到工位负荷不均、生产流程易中断、布局空间利用低效和调整扩展困难等问题，这些问题限制了生产线效率并增加了企业成本和风险。本文探讨了自动化装配线的平衡性问题和优化布局策略。分析了装配线平衡性理论和主要问题，提出了优化策略，如负荷均衡、流程连续性提升、高效空间配置等，包括平衡算法、缓冲工位设计、柔性制造引入、设备布局优化、三维空间利用和模块化设计等措施。通过理论和案例研究，验证了策略的有效性和可行性，为制造业企业提升自动化装配线效率提供了参考。
关键词：自动化装配线；平衡性问题；优化布局策略；生产效率提升
DISCUSSION ON THE BALANCE PROBLEM OF THE AUTOMATIC ASSEMBLY LINE AND THE OPTIMIZED LAYOUT STRATEGY
ABSTRACT
Increased global manufacturing competition and the development of intelligent manufacturing have driven the application of automated assembly lines, which are crucial to improving production efficiency, reducing costs and ensuring product quality. However, in practice, assembly lines often encounter problems such as uneven station load, easy interruption of production process, inefficiency of layout space utilization and difficulty in adjustment and expansion, which limit the efficiency of production line and increase the cost and risk of enterprises. This paper discusses the balance problem of automated assembly lines and optimizes the layout strategy. This paper analyzes the balance theory and main problems of assembly line, and puts forward optimization strategies, such as load balancing, process continuity improvement, efficient space configuration, etc., including balance algorithm, buffer station design, flexible manufacturing introduction, equipment layout optimization, three-dimensional space utilization and modular design. Through theory and case studies, the effectiveness and feasibility of the strategy are verified, and it provides a reference for manufacturing enterprises to improve the efficiency of automatic assembly line.
KEY WORDS：Automated assembly line; Balance problem; Optimize layout strategy; Improve production efficiency
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 相关理论概述 2
2.1 自动化装配线基本概念 2
2.2 装配线平衡性理论 2
第3章 自动化装配线平衡性问题 3
3.1 工位间负荷不均衡 3
3.2 生产流程中断风险 3
3.3 布局空间利用低效 4
3.4 调整与扩展困难 4
第4章 自动化装配线平衡性优化布局策略 5
4.1 负荷均衡优化 5
4.1.1 采用平衡算法分配作业 5
4.1.2 设计缓冲工位减少等待 5
4.2 提高流程连续性 6
4.2.1 引入柔性制造理念 6
4.2.2 建立快速应变机制 6
4.3 高效空间配置 7
4.3.1 优化设备布局缩短路径 7
4.3.2 三维空间利用提升容量 7
4.4 增强生产线可调整性 7
4.4.1 模块化设计方便调整 7
4.4.2 预留扩展接口与空间 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
