摘 要
本文概述了数控机床误差补偿技术在精密加工中的应用、挑战及应对策略。首先，定义了误差补偿技术的核心概念，并提供了实践指导框架。接着，分析了技术实施流程，包括误差检测、建模和补偿控制，强调了其在提升加工精度中的作用。该技术在实践中提高了加工件的精度和表面质量，遏制了误差累积，优化了加工参数，增强了机床的适应性和稳定性。然而，技术应用面临复杂性、误差源识别多变性、补偿模型精确性要求等挑战。为应对这些难题，提出了包括综合监测分析体系、智能算法误差识别建模、加速计算数据处理技术、先进抗干扰技术以及技术创新降低应用成本等策略。这些策略的实施，将为数控机床误差补偿技术在精密加工领域的应用开辟新路径，推动制造业向高质量、高效率发展。
关键词：数控机床；误差补偿；精密加工
APPLICATION OF ERROR COMPENSATION TECHNOLOGY OF CNC MACHINE TOOL IN PRECISION MACHINING
ABSTRACT
This paper summarizes the application, challenges and countermeasures of CNC machine tool error compensation technology in precision machining. First, the core concept of the error compensation technique is defined and a practical guidance fr amework is provided. Then, analyze the technical implementation process, including error detection, modeling and compensation control, and emphasize its role in improving the precision of processing. In practice, the technology improves the precision and surface quality of machining parts, curbs the error accumulation, optimizes the machining parameters, and enhances the adaptability and stability of machine tools. However, technology application faces challenges such as complexity, variability of error source identification, and accuracy requirements of compensation model. In order to cope with these problems, strategies including comprehensive monitoring and analysis system, intelligent algorithm error identification modeling, accelerated computing data processing technology, advanced anti-interference technology and technological innovation to reduce application cost are put forward. The implementation of these strategies will open up a new path for the application of CNC machine tool error compensation technology in the field of precision machining, and promote the development of manufacturing industry to high quality and high efficiency.
KEY WORDS：CNC machine tool; Error compensation; Precision machining
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 数控机床误差补偿技术概述 2
2.1 误差补偿技术的定义 2
2.2 误差补偿技术的分类 2
第3章 数控机床误差补偿技术在精密加工中的应用 3
3.1 提高加工精度 3
3.2 减少误差累积 3
3.3 优化加工参数 3
3.4 增强机床的适应性和稳定性 4
第4章 数控机床误差补偿技术在精密加工中面临的挑战 5
4.1 误差源识别复杂 5
4.2 补偿模型建立困难 5
4.3 实时性要求高 5
4.4 干扰因素多 6
4.5 成本投入大 6
第5章 数控机床误差补偿技术的应对策略 7
5.1 智能识别算法 7
5.2 建立高精度模型 7
5.3 高速计算与处理 7
5.4 抗干扰技术 8
5.5 控制投入成本 8
第6章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
