城市内涝原因分析与治理对策研究
摘要
随着全球气候变化的加剧和城市化进程的快速推进，城市内涝问题日益凸显，成为制约城市可持续发展的重要因素。极端气候事件的频繁发生，如暴雨、台风等，导致城市排水系统不堪重负，内涝频发。同时，低洼地形的易涝性、城市化进程中的不合理规划以及排水设施的老化与维护不足，进一步加剧了城市内涝的严重程度。城市内涝不仅破坏了生态环境，导致水体污染和生态失衡，还对社会经济造成了巨大冲击，包括基础设施的损坏、经济损失以及居民生活与生产活动的中断。本研究旨在全面分析城市内涝的成因，并提出相应的治理对策。通过梳理城市水文学、城市规划及灾害管理等相关理论，本研究首先阐述了城市内涝对生态环境和社会经济的双重危害，包括水体污染、生态失衡、基础设施损坏、经济损失以及居民生活与生产活动的中断等。随后，从极端气候事件、低洼地形、城市规划不合理及排水设施老化与维护不足四个方面深入剖析了城市内涝的成因。针对这些问题，本研究提出了制定防洪排涝专项规划、优化地形排水设计、合理规划城市布局以及升级维护排水设施等具体治理对策。这些对策旨在提升城市的防洪排涝能力，减少内涝灾害的发生，为城市的可持续发展提供有力保障。
关键词 城市内涝；城市规划；排水设施
Abstract
With the intensification of global climate change and the rapid advancement of urbanization, the problem of urban waterlogging has become increasingly prominent, and it has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of cities. The frequent occurrence of extreme climate events, such as heavy rain and typhoons, leads to the burden of urban drainage system and frequent waterlogging. At the same time, the waterlogging of low-lying terrain, the unreasonable planning in the process of urbanization and the aging and insufficient maintenance of drainage facilities further aggravate the severity of urban waterlogging. Urban waterlogging not only destroys the ecological environment, leads to water pollution and ecological imbalance, but also causes a huge impact on the social economy, including the damage of infrastructure, economic losses and the interruption of residents' living and production activities. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the causes of urban waterlogging and propose corresponding treatment countermeasures. By combing the related theories of urban hydrology, urban planning and disaster management, this study first expounds the dual hazards of urban waterlogging to ecological environment and social economy, including water pollution, ecological imbalance, infrastructure damage, economic loss and the interruption of residents' life and production activities. Subsequently, the causes of urban waterlogging were deeply analyzed from four aspects: extreme climate events, low-lying terrain, unreasonable urban planning and aging and insufficient maintenance of drainage facilities. In view of these problems, this study puts forward specific countermeasures such as formulating special planning for flood control and drainage, optimizing terrain and drainage design, rational planning of urban layout, and upgrading and maintaining drainage facilities. These countermeasures aim to improve the flood control and drainage capacity, reduce the occurrence of waterlogging disasters, and provide a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of the city.
Keywords Urban waterlogging; urban planning; drainage facilities
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 研究目的和内容 2
第2章 相关理论概述 3
2.1 城市水文学理论 3
2.2 城市规划理论 3
2.3 灾害管理理论 4
第3章 城市内涝问题的危害 5
3.1 城市内涝对生态环境的破坏 5
3.2 城市内涝对社会经济的冲击 5
第4章 城市内涝原因分析 7
4.1 极端气候事件的增多 7
4.2 低洼地形的易涝性 7
4.3 城市化进程中的不合理规划 8
4.4 排水设施老化与维护不足 8
第5章 城市内涝治理对策研究 10
5.1 制定防洪排涝专项规划 10
5.2 优化地形排水设计 10
5.3 合理规划城市布局 11
5.4 升级维护排水设施 11
结论 13
参考文献 14
致谢 15
摘要
随着全球气候变化的加剧和城市化进程的快速推进，城市内涝问题日益凸显，成为制约城市可持续发展的重要因素。极端气候事件的频繁发生，如暴雨、台风等，导致城市排水系统不堪重负，内涝频发。同时，低洼地形的易涝性、城市化进程中的不合理规划以及排水设施的老化与维护不足，进一步加剧了城市内涝的严重程度。城市内涝不仅破坏了生态环境，导致水体污染和生态失衡，还对社会经济造成了巨大冲击，包括基础设施的损坏、经济损失以及居民生活与生产活动的中断。本研究旨在全面分析城市内涝的成因，并提出相应的治理对策。通过梳理城市水文学、城市规划及灾害管理等相关理论，本研究首先阐述了城市内涝对生态环境和社会经济的双重危害，包括水体污染、生态失衡、基础设施损坏、经济损失以及居民生活与生产活动的中断等。随后，从极端气候事件、低洼地形、城市规划不合理及排水设施老化与维护不足四个方面深入剖析了城市内涝的成因。针对这些问题，本研究提出了制定防洪排涝专项规划、优化地形排水设计、合理规划城市布局以及升级维护排水设施等具体治理对策。这些对策旨在提升城市的防洪排涝能力，减少内涝灾害的发生，为城市的可持续发展提供有力保障。
关键词 城市内涝；城市规划；排水设施
Abstract
With the intensification of global climate change and the rapid advancement of urbanization, the problem of urban waterlogging has become increasingly prominent, and it has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of cities. The frequent occurrence of extreme climate events, such as heavy rain and typhoons, leads to the burden of urban drainage system and frequent waterlogging. At the same time, the waterlogging of low-lying terrain, the unreasonable planning in the process of urbanization and the aging and insufficient maintenance of drainage facilities further aggravate the severity of urban waterlogging. Urban waterlogging not only destroys the ecological environment, leads to water pollution and ecological imbalance, but also causes a huge impact on the social economy, including the damage of infrastructure, economic losses and the interruption of residents' living and production activities. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the causes of urban waterlogging and propose corresponding treatment countermeasures. By combing the related theories of urban hydrology, urban planning and disaster management, this study first expounds the dual hazards of urban waterlogging to ecological environment and social economy, including water pollution, ecological imbalance, infrastructure damage, economic loss and the interruption of residents' life and production activities. Subsequently, the causes of urban waterlogging were deeply analyzed from four aspects: extreme climate events, low-lying terrain, unreasonable urban planning and aging and insufficient maintenance of drainage facilities. In view of these problems, this study puts forward specific countermeasures such as formulating special planning for flood control and drainage, optimizing terrain and drainage design, rational planning of urban layout, and upgrading and maintaining drainage facilities. These countermeasures aim to improve the flood control and drainage capacity, reduce the occurrence of waterlogging disasters, and provide a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of the city.
Keywords Urban waterlogging; urban planning; drainage facilities
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 研究目的和内容 2
第2章 相关理论概述 3
2.1 城市水文学理论 3
2.2 城市规划理论 3
2.3 灾害管理理论 4
第3章 城市内涝问题的危害 5
3.1 城市内涝对生态环境的破坏 5
3.2 城市内涝对社会经济的冲击 5
第4章 城市内涝原因分析 7
4.1 极端气候事件的增多 7
4.2 低洼地形的易涝性 7
4.3 城市化进程中的不合理规划 8
4.4 排水设施老化与维护不足 8
第5章 城市内涝治理对策研究 10
5.1 制定防洪排涝专项规划 10
5.2 优化地形排水设计 10
5.3 合理规划城市布局 11
5.4 升级维护排水设施 11
结论 13
参考文献 14
致谢 15
