摘 要
城市内涝问题已成为全球城市化进程中的重要挑战，尤其是在气候变化和极端天气事件频发的背景下。本研究以城市内涝为切入点，旨在系统分析其成因并提出科学有效的治理对策。通过文献综述、实地调研以及水文模型模拟等方法，研究揭示了城市内涝的主要原因，包括快速城市化导致的下垫面变化、排水基础设施不足、河道水系功能退化以及极端降雨事件的增加。同时，研究创新性地引入了多尺度耦合分析框架，结合地理信息系统（GIS）与遥感技术，对典型城市的内涝风险进行了定量评估。结果表明，传统单一工程措施难以满足现代城市防洪排涝需求，而综合考虑自然生态修复与工程技术的“海绵城市”理念具有显著优势。基于此，研究提出了涵盖规划优化、设施建设、应急管理及公众参与的多层次治理策略，并通过案例验证了其可行性和有效性。本研究的主要贡献在于构建了适用于复杂城市环境的内涝防控体系，为相关政策制定和技术实践提供了理论支持与决策参考。
关键词：城市内涝；海绵城市；多尺度耦合分析；防洪排涝；地理信息系统（GIS）
ABSTRACT
Urban flooding has become a significant challenge in the global urbanization process, particularly against the backdrop of climate change and increasing extreme weather events. This study focuses on urban flooding to systematically analyze its causes and propose scientifically effective governance strategies. By employing methods such as literature review, field investigation, and hydrological model simulation, the study identifies the primary causes of urban flooding, including changes in surface conditions due to rapid urbanization, insufficient drainage infrastructure, degradation of river systems, and an increase in extreme rainfall events. Additionally, the research innovatively introduces a multi-scale coupling analysis fr amework, integrating geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing technology to quantitatively assess flood risks in typical cities. The results indicate that traditional single-engineering measures are insufficient for meeting modern urban flood prevention and drainage requirements, while the "sponge city" concept, which integrates natural ecological restoration with engineering technology, demonstrates significant advantages. Based on these findings, the study proposes a multi-level governance strategy encompassing planning optimization, infrastructure development, emergency management, and public participation, with case studies validating its feasibility and effectiveness. The main contribution of this research lies in constructing a flood control system suitable for complex urban environments, providing theoretical support and decision-making references for relevant policy formulation and technical practices.
Keywords: Urban Flooding; Sponge City; Multi-Scale Coupling Analysis; Flood Prevention And Drainage; Geographic Information System (GIS)
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 城市内涝研究的背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外城市内涝研究现状 1
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 城市内涝成因分析 3
2.1 气候变化对城市内涝的影响 3
2.2 城市化进程中排水系统问题 3
2.3 地形地貌对内涝形成的作用 4
2.4 不透水地面增加的贡献分析 4
2.5 绿地减少与雨水滞留能力下降 5
第3章 城市内涝治理的技术对策 6
3.1 海绵城市建设的关键技术 6
3.2 排水管网优化设计与改造 6
3.3 雨水收集与利用系统的构建 7
3.4 智能监测预警技术的应用 7
3.5 生态护坡与湿地恢复的作用 8
第4章 城市内涝治理的管理对策 9
4.1 政策法规在内涝治理中的作用 9
4.2 跨部门协作机制的建立与完善 9
4.3 公众参与在内涝治理中的重要性 10
4.4 内涝风险评估与应急管理策略 10
4.5 长效治理机制的探索与实践 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
