摘 要
本文综述了鸡传染性法氏囊病的概述、临床表现、病因及综合预防策略。鸡传染性法氏囊病是一种由传染性法氏囊病病毒引起的家禽高度接触性传染病，主要影响雏鸡和火鸡，具有显著的季节性发病特点，且发病率高、传播迅速。该病临床表现为食欲下降、法氏囊肿大和胸腺萎缩等症状，严重影响鸡群的健康和生产性能。病因方面，病毒变异、饲养密度过大、母源抗体下降以及球虫多发等因素均可能导致该病的发生和传播。为有效预防和控制鸡传染性法氏囊病，本文提出了综合预防策略，包括及时更新疫苗配方以应对病毒变异，优化饲养环境减少疾病传播风险，使用高质量的疫苗提高免疫效果，以及加强球虫病的预防和控制。这些策略的实施对于保障家禽养殖业的健康稳定发展具有重要意义，有助于减少经济损失并提高动物福利水平。
关键词：鸡传染性法氏囊病;病毒变异;防治对策
Abstract
This review provides an overview, clinical presentation, etiology, and integrated prevention strategies of infectious bursa disease in chickens. Infectious bursa disease in chickens is a highly contact infectious disease caused by infectious bursa disease virus, which mainly affects chicks and turkeys, with significant seasonal incidence, high incidence and rapid spread. The clinical manifestations of the disease are decreased appetite, cyst cyst and thymus atrophy, which seriously affect the health and production performance of chickens. In terms of etiology, virus mutation, feeding density, maternal antibody decline and other factors may lead to the occurrence and transmission of the disease. To effectively prevent and control infectious bursa disease in chickens, this paper proposes comprehensive prevention strategies, including timely updating of the vaccine formulation to cope with viral variation, optimizing the feeding environment to reduce the risk of disease transmission, improving the immune effectiveness of high-quality vaccines, and strengthening the prevention and control of coccidiosis. The implementation of these strategies is important for ensuring the healthy and stable development of the poultry industry, and helps to reduce economic losses and improve the level of animal welfare.
Keywords：Infectious bursal disease in chickens; virus mutation and control countermeasures
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 鸡传染性法氏囊病概述 2
1.1 鸡传染性法氏囊病的定义 2
1.2 鸡传染性法氏囊病的宿主范围 2
1.2.1 雏鸡 2
1.2.2 火鸡 3
1.3 鸡传染性法氏囊病的流行病学特征 3
1.3.1 发病季节 3
1.3.2 发病特点 4
第二章 鸡传染性法氏囊病的临床表现 5
2.1 食欲下降 5
2.2 法氏囊肿大 5
2.3 胸腺萎缩 6
第三章 鸡传染性法氏囊病的病因探讨 7
3.1 病毒变异 7
3.2 饲养密度过大 7
3.3 母源抗体下降 8
3.4 球虫多发 8
第四章 鸡传染性法氏囊病的综合预防策略 9
4.1 及时更新疫苗配方 9
4.2 优化饲养环境 9
4.3 使用高质量的疫苗 10
4.4 预防球虫病 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
