摘要
《悲惨世界》是法国文学巨匠维克多·雨果的代表作之一，该作品以其深邃的社会洞察、丰富的人物刻画和宏大的叙事结构，展现了19世纪法国社会的种种矛盾与苦难，成为了世界文学史上的经典之作。维克多·雨果作为法国浪漫主义文学的杰出代表，以其卓越的文学才华和深邃的思想深度，在文学创作上取得了举世瞩目的成就。《悲惨世界》不仅是他文学创作的巅峰之作，更是他对社会现实深刻反思的结晶。雨果通过这部作品，不仅揭示了当时法国社会的阶级矛盾、贫富差距和司法不公等问题，还表达了对人性、道德和正义的深刻思考。作品的主要内容围绕主人公冉·阿让的悲惨命运展开，通过他与德纳第等反面人物的斗争，展现了人性的光辉与黑暗。德纳第作为作品中的重要反派角色，其外在形象狡猾奸诈，内在性格贪婪自私，行为表现更是令人发指。他利用法律漏洞和社会不公，不断压榨穷苦人民，成为了社会罪恶的化身。他深刻反映了当时社会现实中的种种问题，如司法腐败、道德沦丧和人性扭曲等。同时，德纳第的道德冲突与伦理困境也引发了读者对人性、道德和正义的深思。他既是一个十恶不赦的罪犯，又是一个在特定社会环境下被扭曲的灵魂。此外，德纳第的形象还具有一定的象征意义。他象征着社会中的邪恶力量，与冉·阿让所代表的人性光辉形成了鲜明对比。这种对比不仅增强了作品的戏剧张力，也深化了作品的主题思想。
关键词：《悲惨世界》；德纳第；形象塑造
Abstract
Les Mis é rables is one of the representative works of the French literary giant Victor Hugo. With its profound social insight, rich character portrayal, and grand narrative structure, the work portrays the various contradictions and hardships of French society in the 19th century and has become a classic work in the history of world literature. Victor Hugo, as an outstanding representative of French Romantic literature, achieved remarkable achievements in literary creation with his outstanding literary talent and profound ideological depth. Les Mis é rables is not only the pinnacle of his literary creation, but also the crystallization of his profound reflection on social reality. Through this work, Hugo not only revealed the class contradictions, wealth inequality, and judicial injustice in French society at that time, but also expressed profound thoughts on human nature, morality, and justice. The main content of the work revolves around the tragic fate of the protagonist Jean Valjean, showcasing the brilliance and darkness of human nature through his struggles with antagonists such as Thenardier. As an important antagonist character in the work, De Nadi's external image is cunning and cunning, his internal personality is greedy and selfish, and his behavior is even more heinous. He exploited legal loopholes and social injustice, constantly squeezing the impoverished people and becoming the embodiment of social evil. He deeply reflected various problems in the social reality of that time, such as judicial corruption, moral decay, and distortion of human nature. At the same time, the moral conflicts and ethical dilemmas of Thenardier also trigger readers to ponder deeply on human nature, morality, and justice. He is both a heinous criminal and a distorted soul in a specific social environment. In addition, the image of Thenardier also has a certain symbolic significance. He symbolizes the evil forces in society, in stark contrast to the brilliance of human nature represented by Jean Valjean. This contrast not only enhances the dramatic tension of the work, but also deepens the thematic idea of the work.
Keywords: Les Mis é rables; Thenardier; Image shaping
目录
一、绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 研究目的及内容 2
二、《悲惨世界》作品概述 3
2.1 作者简介 3
2.1.1 维克多·雨果 3
2.1.2 文学成就 3
2.2 作品的创作背景 3
2.2.1 社会背景 3
2.2.2 作者背景 4
2.3 作品主要内容 4
2.3.1 主要人物与情节 4
2.3.2 主题思想 5
三、德纳第的形象塑造 5
3.1 德纳第的外在形象 5
3.2 德纳第的内在性格 6
3.3 德纳第的行为表现 6
四、德纳第形象的深层意蕴 7
4.1 德纳第与社会现实的反映 7
4.2 德纳第的道德冲突与伦理困境 7
4.3 德纳第形象的象征意义 8
4.4 对当代社会的启示 9
五、结论 9
参考文献 11
