摘 要
鹌鹑养殖业的快速发展对雏鹑质量提出了更高要求，而孵化期环境因素是影响雏鹑质量的关键环节。本研究旨在探讨温度、湿度和通风等环境因素对鹌鹑种蛋孵化效果及雏鹑质量的影响，为优化孵化工艺提供科学依据。通过设计对照实验，选取健康鹌鹑种蛋，在不同温度（37.2~38.0℃）、相对湿度（50%~65%）及通风条件（氧气浓度20.5%~21.5%）下进行孵化，并对孵化率、健雏率及雏鹑体重等指标进行系统分析。结果表明，适宜的孵化温度为37.5~37.8℃，相对湿度以55%~60%为佳，同时保持稳定的氧气供应可显著提高孵化率与雏鹑质量。此外，过高或过低的温湿度均会导致胚胎发育异常，降低健雏率。本研究首次量化了各环境因素对雏鹑质量的具体影响范围，明确了关键参数的最优区间，为现代化鹌鹑孵化技术的改进提供了重要参考。
关键词：鹌鹑孵化；环境因素；孵化率；雏鹑质量；优化参数
INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DURING QUAIL HATCHING PERIOD ON CHICKS' QUALITY
ABSTRACT
The rapid development of quail farming has increased the demand for high-quality chick quails, with environmental factors during the incubation period being a critical determinant of chick quality. This study investigates the effects of temperature, humidity, and ventilation on the hatching performance of quail eggs and the quality of chick quails, aiming to provide scientific evidence for optimizing incubation protocols. A controlled experiment was designed using healthy quail eggs, which were incubated under varying conditions: temperatures ranging from 37.2 to 38.0°C, relative humidity levels between 50% and 65%, and oxygen concentrations of 20.5% to 21.5%. Key indicators such as hatching rate, healthy chick rate, and chick body weight were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that an optimal incubation temperature is within the range of 37.5 to 37.8°C, with relative humidity ideally maintained at 55% to 60%. Stable oxygen supply significantly enhances both hatching rate and chick quality. Furthermore, excessively high or low temperature and humidity levels can lead to abnormal embryonic development and reduce the proportion of healthy chicks. This study quantifies the specific impact ranges of each environmental factor on chick quality for the first time, defining the optimal intervals for critical parameters, thereby providing essential references for the improvement of modern quail incubation technology.
KEY WORDS：Quail Incubation；Environmental Factors；Hatching Rate；Chick Quality；Optimization Parameters
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状综述 1
第二章 孵化温度对雏鹑质量的影响 1
2.1 温度变化的生理机制分析 1
2.2 不同温度条件下的实验对比 2
2.3 适宜孵化温度的优化建议 2
第三章 孵化湿度对雏鹑质量的影响 3
3.1 湿度对种蛋发育的作用机制 3
3.2 高低湿度环境的实验结果分析 3
3.3 合理湿度范围的确定与调控 4
第四章 其他环境因素对雏鹑质量的影响 4
4.1 通风条件对孵化效果的影响 4
4.2 光照强度与雏鹑健康的关系 5
4.3 综合环境因素的交互作用分析 5
结 论 5
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
