摘 要
自身免疫性疾病的早期诊断对改善患者预后具有重要意义，但传统检测方法存在灵敏度不足或特异性较低的问题。本研究旨在开发一种基于新型免疫分析技术的检测平台，以提高自身免疫性疾病标志物的检测性能。通过结合纳米材料增强信号和高通量筛选技术，构建了多指标联检体系，并优化了检测流程。实验结果表明，该技术在低浓度抗核抗体及特定自身抗原检测中表现出优异的灵敏度和特异性，且检测时间显著缩短。与传统方法相比，其动态检测范围更广，重复性良好，能够满足临床样本的多样化需求。本研究提出的新型免疫分析技术不仅为自身免疫性疾病的精准诊断提供了新工具，还为多组学联合分析奠定了基础，展现出良好的应用前景和推广价值。关 键 词：自身免疫性疾病；新型免疫分析技术；抗核抗体
ABSTRACT
Early diagnosis of autoimmune diseases is crucial for improving patient outcomes, but traditional testing methods often suffer from insufficient sensitivity or low specificity. This study aims to develop a detection platform based on novel immunoassay technologies to enhance the performance of markers in autoimmune diseases. By integrating nanomaterials to amplify signals and high-throughput screening techniques, a multi-parameter co-detection system was constructed, and the testing process was optimized. Experimental results show that this technology demonstrates excellent sensitivity and specificity in detecting low-concentration antinuclear antibodies and specific autoantigens, with significantly reduced testing time. Compared to traditional methods, it has a broader dynamic detection range and good reproducibility, meeting the diverse needs of clinical samples. The novel immunoassay technology proposed in this study not only provides a new tool for precise diagnosis of autoimmune diseases but also lays the foundation for multi-omics integrated analysis, showing promising application prospects and promotion value.
Key words：Autoimmune Diseases；Novel Immunoassay Techniques；Antinuclear Antibodies
目 录
摘 要 IABSTRACT II
一、绪论 1
（一）自身免疫性疾病检测的研究背景与意义 1
（二）新型免疫分析技术的国内外研究现状 1
二、新型免疫分析技术的基本原理与特性 2
（一）免疫分析技术的核心机制解析 2
（二）新型技术在灵敏度提升中的应用 2
（三）技术特异性对检测结果的影响 2
三、新型免疫分析技术在自身免疫性疾病标志物检测中的应用 4
（一）标志物筛选与新型技术的匹配性分析 4
（二）技术优化对标志物检测效率的提升 4
（三）实验验证：典型病例中的应用效果 5
四、新型免疫分析技术的临床转化与挑战 6
（一）技术从实验室到临床的转化路径 6
（二）临床应用中的技术局限性分析 6
（三）提高技术可行性的改进策略探讨 6
结语 8
参考文献 9
谢辞 10
