摘 要
随着全球生态环境问题日益突出，森林资源的高效监测成为生态保护与可持续发展的重要课题。本研究旨在探讨无人机技术在森林资源监测中的应用潜力及其实践效果，通过集成高分辨率遥感影像与地理信息系统，构建了一套适用于复杂地形的无人机监测体系。研究选取典型森林区域作为实验对象，采用多光谱成像与热红外传感技术获取数据，并结合机器学习算法实现植被覆盖度、生物量估算及病虫害识别等关键指标的精准评估。结果表明，无人机技术能够显著提升监测效率与数据精度，尤其在难以到达的偏远地区表现出独特优势。本研究的创新点在于首次将自适应路径规划算法引入无人机巡检任务中，优化了飞行路线设计并降低了能耗。此外，所开发的智能分析平台为森林资源管理提供了科学决策支持，其模块化设计便于推广应用。总体而言，无人机技术的应用不仅弥补了传统方法的不足，还为森林资源动态监测开辟了新途径，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。关键词：无人机技术; 森林资源监测; 自适应路径规划; 多光谱成像; 机器学习算法
Abstract
With the increasing prominence of global ecological and environmental issues, efficient monitoring of forest resources has become a critical topic for ecological conservation and sustainable development. This study investigates the application potential and practical effectiveness of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology in forest resource monitoring, integrating high-resolution remote sensing imagery with geographic information systems to establish a UAV-based monitoring system suitable for complex terrains. A typical forest area was selected as the experimental subject, and data were acquired using multispectral imaging and thermal infrared sensing technologies. Machine learning algorithms were then employed to achieve precise assessments of key indicators such as vegetation coverage, biomass estimation, and pest/disease identification. The results demonstrate that UAV technology significantly enhances monitoring efficiency and data accuracy, particularly exhibiting unique advantages in remote and inaccessible regions. An innovation of this study lies in the first-time introduction of an adaptive path-planning algorithm into UAV inspection tasks, which optimizes flight route design and reduces energy consumption. Furthermore, the developed intelligent analysis platform provides scientific decision support for forest resource management, with its modular design facilitating broader application and promotion. Overall, the application of UAV technology not only addresses the limitations of traditional methods but also opens new avenues for dynamic forest resource monitoring, holding significant theoretical value and practical implications.Key words:Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology; Forest Resource Monitoring; Adaptive Path Planning; Multispectral Imaging; Machine Learning Algorithm
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、无人机技术概述与森林资源监测需求 2
1.1、无人机技术发展现状 2
1.2、森林资源监测的技术需求 2
1.3、无人机在森林监测中的优势 3
第2章、无人机在森林资源监测中的关键技术应用 4
2.1、遥感影像采集技术 4
2.2、数据处理与分析方法 4
2.3、地理信息系统集成技术 4
第3章、无人机在森林资源监测中的实践案例分析 6
3.1、森林覆盖率监测实践 6
3.2、林业病虫害监测应用 6
3.3、火灾风险评估与应急响应 6
第4章、无人机技术在森林资源监测中的挑战与优化策略 8
4.1、技术局限性与改进方向 8
4.2、数据精度提升的路径探索 8
4.3、法规与伦理问题的应对策略 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
