摘 要
随着城市化进程的加快，城市绿地系统在改善生态环境和保护生物多样性方面的重要性日益凸显，而城市公园作为其中的核心组成部分，其景观设计与生物多样性保护之间的关系成为研究热点。本研究旨在探讨如何通过科学的景观设计提升城市公园的生态功能，以实现生物多样性的有效保护。研究选取典型城市公园为案例，运用实地调查、遥感分析与生态建模相结合的方法，评估现有景观设计对生物多样性的影响，并提出优化方案。结果表明，合理配置植被群落结构、增加栖息地异质性和连通性能够显著提高物种丰富度和生态系统稳定性。此外，研究创新性地引入“生态网络节点”概念，将城市公园视为区域生态网络中的关键节点，强调其在更大尺度上的生态服务价值。本研究不仅为城市公园景观设计提供了科学依据，还为城市规划中生物多样性保护策略的制定提供了重要参考，具有较强的实践指导意义。
关键词：城市公园；生物多样性保护；景观设计
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization, the importance of urban green space systems in improving ecological environments and conserving biodiversity has become increasingly prominent. As a core component of these systems, urban parks have drawn significant attention regarding the relationship between their landscape design and biodiversity conservation. This study aims to explore how scientific landscape design can enhance the ecological functions of urban parks to effectively protect biodiversity. By selecting representative urban parks as case studies, this research employs a combination of field surveys, remote sensing analysis, and ecological modeling to evaluate the impact of current landscape designs on biodiversity and proposes optimization strategies. The results indicate that rational configuration of vegetation community structures, increased habitat heterogeneity and connectivity, significantly improve species richness and ecosystem stability. Furthermore, this study innovatively introduces the concept of "ecological network nodes," positioning urban parks as critical nodes within regional ecological networks and emphasizing their ecological service value at a larger scale. This research not only provides a scientific basis for urban park landscape design but also offers important references for formulating biodiversity conservation strategies in urban planning, demonstrating strong practical guidance significance.
Keywords: City Park；Biodiversity Conservation；Landscape Design
目 录
引言 1
一、城市公园景观设计基础研究 1
（一）城市公园的功能定位 1
（二）景观设计的基本原则 2
（三）设计与生态的关联性 2
二、生物多样性保护理论框架 3
（一）生物多样性的内涵 3
（二）保护理论的核心要素 3
（三）城市环境中的挑战 3
三、景观设计对生物多样性的影响分析 4
（一）植被配置与物种丰富度 4
（二）水体设计与栖息地营造 4
（三）硬质景观的生态优化 5
四、可持续发展的实践路径探索 5
（一）公众参与的设计模式 5
（二）技术创新的应用前景 5
（三）长效管理机制构建 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
