共同侵权行为中的不可抗力影响 -法学专业

摘要

共同侵权行为中的不可抗力影响是民法学领域的重要议题，随着社会经济活动日益复杂化，不可抗力因素对共同侵权责任认定产生新的挑战。本研究旨在探讨不可抗力在共同侵权行为中的法律适用及其对责任分担的影响，通过分析我国现行法律法规、司法解释及相关判例，结合比较法视角考察德国、法国等国家的立法经验，运用实证分析与规范分析相结合的方法，深入剖析不可抗力事件发生时各侵权主体之间的责任关系。研究表明，在不可抗力作用下，共同侵权行为的责任认定应综合考量因果关系、过错程度及损害结果等因素，提出构建以“可预见性”为核心要件的责任分配体系，创新性地引入比例责任原则，为司法实践提供理论支持。该研究不仅丰富了共同侵权理论体系，也为完善我国相关立法提供了有益参考，有助于实现公平正义的法治目标。

关键词：共同侵权行为；不可抗力；责任分担

Force Majeure in Joint Tortious Acts

英文人名

Directive teacher:×××

Abstract

The impact of force majeure on joint tortious acts is a significant issue in the field of civil law. As socio-economic activities become increasingly complex, force majeure factors present new challenges to the determination of joint tort liability. This study aims to explore the legal application of force majeure in joint tortious acts and its influence on liability distribution. By analyzing China's current laws, judicial interpretations, and relevant case law, and drawing on comparative law perspectives from countries such as Germany and France, this research employs a combination of empirical and normative analysis to delve into the liability relationships among tortfeasors when force majeure events occur. The findings indicate that under the influence of force majeure, the determination of liability in joint tortious acts should comprehensively consider factors such as causation, degree of fault, and damage outcomes. The study proposes constructing a liability allocation system centered on the element of "foreseeability" and innovatively introduces the principle of proportional liability, providing theoretical support for judicial practice. This research not only enriches the theoretical fr amework of joint torts but also offers valuable references for improving related legislation in China, contributing to the realization of fair and just legal ob jectives.

Keywords: Joint Tortious Acts；Force Majeure；Liability Sharing

一、绪论 1

(一)研究背景与意义 1

(二)研究现状综述 1

二、不可抗力的界定与适用 2

(一)不可抗力的概念解析 2

(二)不可抗力的法律特征 2

(三)不可抗力在共同侵权中的认定 3

三、不可抗力对共同侵权责任的影响 4

(一)责任构成要件的变化 4

(二)归责原则的调整 5

(三)责任分担机制的改变 5