摘 要
余华的《第七天》作为一部融合现实与超现实主义的文学作品，以其独特的叙事方式和深刻的社会批判引发了广泛关注。本研究旨在探讨该小说中的人物形象塑造及其叙事策略，通过文本细读与理论分析相结合的方法，揭示作者如何借助虚构世界反映社会现实并表达人性思考。研究发现，《第七天》中的主要人物并非传统意义上的扁平或圆形角色，而是以“亡灵”身份呈现，其存在状态既超越了生与死的界限，又承载着深刻的现实意义。这种特殊的人物设定使得小说能够在虚实交织的情节中，展现当代社会的矛盾与问题。同时，余华采用第一人称叙述与多线索并行的结构，增强了故事的真实感与沉浸感，使读者在阅读过程中不断反思自身所处的社会环境。本研究的创新点在于首次从亡灵视角出发，剖析其对现实批判功能的强化作用，并总结出一种“超现实介入现实”的叙事模式。这一研究成果不仅丰富了对余华创作手法的理解，也为当代中国文学研究提供了新的视角与方法论支持。
关键词：余华；《第七天》；亡灵视角；超现实介入现实；叙事策略
Character Portrayal and Narrative Strategies in Yu Hua's Novel "The Seventh Day"
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
YU Hua's The Seventh Day is a literary work that integrates realism with surrealism, attracting widespread attention for its unique narrative style and profound social critique. This study aims to explore the character construction and narrative strategies in this novel by combining close reading of the text with theoretical analysis, revealing how the author reflects social realities and conveys reflections on human nature through a fictional world. It is found that the main characters in The Seventh Day are neither traditionally flat nor round but are presented as "ghosts," existing in a state that transcends the boundaries of life and death while carrying profound real-world significance. This special character design enables the novel to portray the contradictions and problems of contemporary society within a narrative interweaving reality and fiction. Moreover, YU Hua employs a first-person narrative combined with a multi-threaded structure, enhancing the authenticity and immersion of the story and prompting readers to continuously reflect on their own social environments during the reading process. The innovation of this study lies in its pioneering analysis from the perspective of ghosts, examining their role in intensifying the function of social critique and summarizing a narrative model of "surreal intervention in reality." This research not only enriches the understanding of YU Hua's creative techniques but also provides new perspectives and methodological support for the study of contemporary Chinese literature.
Keywords: Yu Hua；The Seventh Day；Dead Spirit Perspective；Surreal Intervention In Reality；Narrative Strategy
目 录
引言 1
一、人物形象的塑造与意义 1
(一)主要人物形象分析 1
(二)边缘人物的功能性作用 2
(三)人物群像的社会隐喻 2
二、叙事视角的选择与运用 3
(一)第一人称叙事的独特性 3
(二)死后世界的叙事逻辑构建 3
(三)多重叙事视角的交互作用 4
三、叙事结构的设计与功能 4
(一)时间线的交错与重组 4
(二)现实与虚幻的交织叙事 5
(三)结构对主题表达的强化 5
四、人物与叙事的互动关系 6
(一)人物推动叙事发展的机制 6
(二)叙事策略对人物形象的深化 6
(三)人物与叙事共同构建的意义世界 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
