无人机测量技术在土方工程算量中的应用 -工程造价专业

摘要

随着土方工程在基础设施建设中的广泛应用，传统测量方法因效率低、精度不足等问题逐渐难以满足现代工程需求。本研究旨在探讨无人机测量技术在土方工程算量中的应用潜力及其优势，以提升测量效率和精度。研究采用搭载高分辨率相机的无人机进行地形数据采集，并结合摄影测量与地理信息系统（GIS）技术生成数字高程模型（DEM）。通过对比分析无人机测量结果与传统全站仪测量数据，验证了该技术在复杂地形条件下的适用性与可靠性。研究表明，无人机测量技术能够显著提高数据采集效率，减少人工干预，并在大面积区域中实现亚米级精度的三维建模。此外，该技术还具备快速响应、灵活部署的特点，可为动态施工过程提供实时监测支持。本研究的主要创新点在于提出了一种基于无人机的自动化土方算量流程，有效解决了传统方法在复杂地形中的局限性。研究成果为土方工程提供了高效、精准的技术手段，具有重要的实践意义和推广价值。

关键词：无人机测量技术；土方工程；数字高程模型；摄影测量；地理信息系统（GIS）

ABSTRACT

With the widespread application of earthwork engineering in infrastructure construction, traditional surveying methods are increasingly unable to meet modern engineering requirements due to issues such as low efficiency and insufficient accuracy. This study investigates the potential and advantages of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based surveying technology in earthwork quantification to enhance both efficiency and precision. High-resolution camera-equipped UAVs were employed for terrain data acquisition, and photogrammetry combined with geographic information system (GIS) technology was utilized to generate digital elevation models (DEMs). By comparing UAV-derived measurements with those obtained from conventional total station surveys, the applicability and reliability of this technology under complex topographic conditions were validated. The findings indicate that UAV-based surveying significantly improves data collection efficiency, reduces human intervention, and achieves sub-meter level accuracy in three-dimensional modeling over large areas. Additionally, this technology features rapid response and flexible deployment capabilities, providing real-time monitoring support for dynamic construction processes. A key innovation of this research lies in the development of an automated earthwork quantification workflow based on UAV technology, effectively addressing the limitations of traditional methods in complex terrains. The study's outcomes offer a highly efficient and precise technical approach for earthwork engineering, demonstrating significant practical implications and promotion value.

Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Measurement Technology; Earthwork; Digital Elevation Model; Photogrammetry; Geographic Information System (GIS)

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 1

1.1 无人机测量技术的应用背景与意义 1

1.2 土方工程算量中的研究现状分析 1

1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2

第2章无人机测量技术在土方工程中的数据采集 3

2.1 数据采集的基本原理与流程 3

2.2 无人机影像获取与处理技术 3

2.3 测量精度对土方算量的影响分析 4

第3章土方工程算量的无人机数据分析方法 5