隧道开挖中围岩松动圈的地质雷达检测与分析 -土木工程专业

摘要

隧道开挖过程中，围岩松动圈的形成对隧道稳定性具有重要影响，其准确检测与分析是保障隧道安全施工和长期运营的关键环节鉴于传统检测方法存在的局限性，本研究以地质雷达技术为核心，结合数值模拟与现场试验，系统探讨了围岩松动圈的检测原理、数据处理方法及其工程特性研究旨在通过优化地质雷达参数配置与信号解译方法，提高松动圈检测的精度和可靠性研究中采用不同频率天线进行地质雷达扫描，并通过反射波形特征提取与对比分析，建立了松动圈边界识别的定量判据同时，基于有限元模拟验证了检测结果的合理性，并进一步揭示了松动圈的空间分布规律及演化机制研究成果表明，地质雷达技术能够有效识别围岩松动圈的范围与深度，且通过改进的数据处理算法显著提升了检测分辨率与准确性此外，研究还提出了适用于不同类型围岩条件的检测方案，为工程实践提供了技术参考本研究的创新点在于将地质雷达技术与数值模拟相结合，实现了松动圈检测的定量化与可视化，为隧道围岩稳定性评价提供了新思路和科学依据

关键词：地质雷达技术；围岩松动圈；检测精度；数值模拟；空间分布规律

ABSTRACT

The formation of the surrounding rock relaxation zone during tunnel excavation significantly affects tunnel stability, and its accurate detection and analysis are critical for ensuring safe construction and long-term operation. In view of the limitations of traditional detection methods, this study focuses on ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technology, combined with numerical simulation and field experiments, to systematically investigate the detection principles, data processing methods, and engineering characteristics of the surrounding rock relaxation zone. The aim is to enhance the accuracy and reliability of relaxation zone detection by optimizing GPR parameter configurations and signal interpretation methods. Different frequency antennas were used for GPR scanning in the study, and quantitative criteria for identifying the boundaries of the relaxation zone were established through the extraction and comparative analysis of reflected waveform features. Finite element simulations were further employed to validate the rationality of the detection results and to reveal the spatial distribution patterns and evolution mechanisms of the relaxation zone. The findings indicate that GPR technology can effectively identify the extent and depth of the surrounding rock relaxation zone, with significant improvements in detection resolution and accuracy achieved through advanced data processing algorithms. Additionally, detection schemes suitable for various types of surrounding rock conditions were proposed, providing technical references for engineering practice. The innovation of this study lies in the integration of GPR technology with numerical simulation, which enables the quantification and visualization of relaxation zone detection, offering new insights and scientific foundations for evaluating the stability of tunnel surrounding rock.

Keywords: Geological Radar Technology; Surrounding Rock Loosening Circle; Detection Accuracy; Numerical Simulation; Spatial Distribution Law

第1章绪论 1

1.1 隧道开挖中围岩松动圈研究背景与意义 1

1.2 围岩松动圈地质雷达检测的研究现状 1

1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 2

第2章地质雷达检测原理与技术分析 3

2.1 地质雷达的基本工作原理 3

2.2 地质雷达在围岩检测中的应用特点 3

2.3 围岩松动圈的电磁波响应特性分析 4

2.4 地质雷达数据采集与处理方法 4

第3章围岩松动圈的地质雷达识别方法 6

3.1 松动圈形成机制及其影响因素 6