摘 要
胃癌是全球范围内常见的恶性肿瘤之一，术后患者常因消化吸收功能受损而面临严重的营养不良问题，这不仅影响康复进程，还可能增加并发症的发生率。为探讨有效的营养支持策略，本研究旨在分析个体化营养干预对胃癌术后患者临床结局的影响。研究采用前瞻性随机对照试验设计，纳入120例胃癌术后患者，分为常规护理组和个体化营养支持组，后者接受基于营养风险评估的精准营养方案。通过为期6个月的随访，对比两组患者的体重变化、血清蛋白水平、免疫功能指标及生活质量评分。结果显示，个体化营养支持组在体重维持、血清白蛋白浓度提升以及免疫功能改善方面均显著优于常规护理组（P0.05）。此外，该组患者的生活质量评分亦有明显提高。研究表明，针对胃癌术后患者的个体化营养支持能够有效改善其营养状态，促进康复，并降低并发症风险，为临床实践提供了新的参考依据。本研究的创新点在于引入了动态监测与调整的营养管理理念，强调根据患者的具体情况制定个性化方案，从而优化治疗效果。关键词：胃癌术后; 个体化营养支持; 营养风险评估
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors globally, and postoperative patients often face severe malnutrition due to impaired digestive and absorptive functions, which not only affects the recovery process but may also increase the incidence of complications. To explore effective nutritional support strategies, this study aimed to analyze the impact of individualized nutritional intervention on clinical outcomes in postoperative gastric cancer patients. A prospective randomized controlled trial design was adopted, enrolling 120 postoperative gastric cancer patients who were divided into a routine care group and an individualized nutritional support group, with the latter receiving precise nutritional protocols based on nutritional risk assessments. Over a six-month follow-up period, changes in body weight, serum protein levels, immune function indicators, and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups. The results showed that the individualized nutritional support group significantly outperformed the routine care group in terms of weight maintenance, increased serum albumin concentration, and improved immune function (P0.05). Additionally, quality of life scores were markedly enhanced in this group. This study demonstrates that individualized nutritional support tailored for postoperative gastric cancer patients can effectively improve their nutritional status, promote recovery, and reduce the risk of complications, providing new reference evidence for clinical practice. The innovation of this study lies in the introduction of a dynamic monitoring and adjustment approach to nutritional management, emphasizing the formulation of personalized plans based on each patient's specific conditions to optimize treatment outcomes.
Key words:Gastric Cancer Postoperative; Individualized Nutritional Support; Nutritional Risk Assessment
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、胃癌术后营养支持概述 2
1.1、胃癌术后营养需求分析 2
1.2、营养支持的临床意义 2
1.3、当前研究现状与挑战 2
第2章、营养评估方法与应用 4
2.1、术后患者营养状态评估 4
2.2、常用营养评估工具比较 4
2.3、营养评估的临床实践 5
第3章、营养支持方案设计与实施 6
3.1、个性化营养支持方案制定 6
3.2、不同阶段的营养干预策略 6
3.3、方案实施中的关键问题 6
第4章、营养支持效果评价与优化 8
4.1、患者康复指标监测 8
4.2、营养支持效果的影响因素 8
4.3、改进措施与未来方向 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
