摘 要
慢性肾衰竭是一种严重威胁人类健康的疾病，血液透析作为其主要治疗手段之一，在临床应用中对护理质量提出了更高要求。本研究旨在探讨针对慢性肾衰竭患者血液透析的优化护理方案及其临床效果。研究选取某三甲医院肾内科2021年1月至2022年12月期间接受血液透析治疗的120例患者为研究对象，随机分为对照组和实验组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理模式，实验组则实施基于个性化需求的综合护理干预措施，包括心理疏导、健康教育、饮食指导及并发症预防等多方面内容。通过为期一年的随访观察发现，实验组患者的透析依从性显著提高，相关并发症发生率明显降低，生活质量评分亦优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P0.05）。研究表明，综合护理干预能够有效改善慢性肾衰竭患者血液透析的效果，提升患者的生活质量和治疗满意度，其创新之处在于将个性化护理与系统化管理相结合，为临床护理实践提供了新的参考依据。关键词：慢性肾衰竭; 血液透析; 综合护理干预
Abstract
Chronic renal failure is a disease that seriously threatens human health, and hemodialysis, as one of its major treatment modalities, imposes higher demands on the quality of nursing care in clinical practice. This study aimed to explore the optimized nursing protocol for hemodialysis in patients with chronic renal failure and evaluate its clinical efficacy. A total of 120 patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment in the nephrology department of a tertiary hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group was subjected to comprehensive nursing interventions based on individualized needs, encompassing multiple aspects such as psychological counseling, health education, dietary guidance, and prevention of complications. After a one-year follow-up observation, it was found that the dialysis compliance of patients in the experimental group significantly improved, the incidence of related complications markedly decreased, and their quality-of-life scores were superior to those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P0.05). The study demonstrated that comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively enhance the outcomes of hemodialysis for patients with chronic renal failure, improve their quality of life and treatment satisfaction. Its innovation lies in integrating personalized nursing with systematic management, providing new reference evidence for clinical nursing practice.
Key words:Chronic Kidney Failure; Hemodialysis; Comprehensive Nursing Intervention
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、慢性肾衰竭患者透析护理概述 2
1.1、慢性肾衰竭的临床特征分析 2
1.2、血液透析的基本原理与机制 2
1.3、透析护理的核心目标与意义 3
第2章、血液透析过程中的护理干预策略 4
2.1、透析前的准备与评估工作 4
2.2、透析中的实时监测与管理 4
2.3、透析后的恢复与健康指导 4
第3章、慢性肾衰竭患者的心理护理研究 6
3.1、心理状态对透析效果的影响 6
3.2、心理护理的具体实施方法 6
3.3、提升患者心理适应能力的路径 6
第4章、血液透析护理质量的优化与改进 8
4.1、护理质量评价体系的构建 8
4.2、护理团队的专业能力建设 8
4.3、护理流程标准化的实践探索 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
